Parameter estimation for models of ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzyme kinetics

While soil enzymes have been explicitly included in the soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition models, there is a serious lack of suitable data for model parameterization. This study provides well-documented enzymatic parameters for application in enzyme-driven SOC decomposition models from a compilation and analysis of published measurements. In particular, we developed appropriate kinetic parameters for five typical ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymes (β-glucosidase, cellobiohydrolase, endo-glucanase, peroxidase, and phenol oxidase). The kinetic parameters included the maximum specific enzyme activity (V _max) and half-saturation constant (K _m) in the Michaelis-Menten equation. The activation energy (Ea) and the pH optimum and sensitivity (pH _opt and pH _sen) were also analyzed. pH _sen was estimated by fitting an exponential-quadratic function. The V _max values, often presented in different units under various measurement conditions, were converted into the same units at a reference temperature (20 °C) and pH _opt. Major conclusions are: (i) Both V _max and K _m were log-normal distributed, with no significant difference in V _max exhibited between enzymes originating from bacteria or fungi. (ii) No significant difference in V _max was found between cellulases and ligninases; however, there was significant difference in K _m between them. (iii) Ligninases had higher Ea values and lower pH _opt than cellulases; average ratio of pH _sen to pH _opt ranged 0.3-0.4 for the five enzymes, which means that an increase or decrease of 1.1-1.7 pH units from pH _opt would reduce V _max by 50%. (iv) Our analysis indicated that the V _max values from lab measurements with purified enzymes were 1-2 orders of magnitude higher than those for use in SOC decomposition models under field conditions.