Oxidation of ultrahigh temperature ceramics: kinetics, mechanisms, and applications

K. A. Kane; B. A. Pint; D. Mitchell; J. A. Haynes

doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2021.05.055

Oxidation of ultrahigh temperature ceramics: kinetics, mechanisms, and applications

K. A. Kane, B. A. Pint, D. Mitchell, J. A. Haynes

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

66 Scopus citations

Abstract

Materials capable of oxidizing in a protective manner at ultrahigh (>1700 °C) temperatures are needed to push beyond this barrier defined by SiC. Although possessing attractive mechanical properties and oxidation resistance, SiC-based materials are ultimately temperature limited by the melting point of SiO₂. The vast array of ultra-high and high temperature ceramic literature indicates the majority of these materials, like borides, carbides, MAX-phases, and high-entropy ceramics, fall woefully short regarding oxidation resistance. However, for specific applications, like low-orbit aeropropulsion, high ballistics coefficient atmospheric re-entry, and hypersonic cruise, there are a few promising materials. In the present review, oxidation criteria are gathered to build application specific heuristics and are then applied to a multitude of ultra-high temperature ceramics to gauge material efficacy. Discussion of oxidation kinetics, mechanisms and reaction products is offered for each material, identifying strengths, weaknesses, and the remaining gaps in our knowledge.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	6130-6150
Number of pages	21
Journal	Journal of the European Ceramic Society
Volume	41
Issue number	13
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2021.05.055
State	Published - Oct 2021

Funding

The authors would like to take Cory Parker, Peter Mouche, and Krishan Luthra for providing technical reviews of this manuscript, for the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and the Advanced Turbine Program, Office of Fossil Energy, Department of Energy. Notice: This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. The Department of Energy will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan ( http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan ).

Funders	Funder number
Fossil Energy
U.S. Department of Energy
Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Keywords

Borides
Carbides
Oxidation
SiC
Ultrahigh temperature ceramics

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10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2021.05.055

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title = "Oxidation of ultrahigh temperature ceramics: kinetics, mechanisms, and applications",

abstract = "Materials capable of oxidizing in a protective manner at ultrahigh (>1700 °C) temperatures are needed to push beyond this barrier defined by SiC. Although possessing attractive mechanical properties and oxidation resistance, SiC-based materials are ultimately temperature limited by the melting point of SiO2. The vast array of ultra-high and high temperature ceramic literature indicates the majority of these materials, like borides, carbides, MAX-phases, and high-entropy ceramics, fall woefully short regarding oxidation resistance. However, for specific applications, like low-orbit aeropropulsion, high ballistics coefficient atmospheric re-entry, and hypersonic cruise, there are a few promising materials. In the present review, oxidation criteria are gathered to build application specific heuristics and are then applied to a multitude of ultra-high temperature ceramics to gauge material efficacy. Discussion of oxidation kinetics, mechanisms and reaction products is offered for each material, identifying strengths, weaknesses, and the remaining gaps in our knowledge.",

keywords = "Borides, Carbides, Oxidation, SiC, Ultrahigh temperature ceramics",

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T2 - kinetics, mechanisms, and applications

AU - Kane, K. A.

AU - Pint, B. A.

AU - Mitchell, D.

AU - Haynes, J. A.

PY - 2021/10

Y1 - 2021/10

N2 - Materials capable of oxidizing in a protective manner at ultrahigh (>1700 °C) temperatures are needed to push beyond this barrier defined by SiC. Although possessing attractive mechanical properties and oxidation resistance, SiC-based materials are ultimately temperature limited by the melting point of SiO2. The vast array of ultra-high and high temperature ceramic literature indicates the majority of these materials, like borides, carbides, MAX-phases, and high-entropy ceramics, fall woefully short regarding oxidation resistance. However, for specific applications, like low-orbit aeropropulsion, high ballistics coefficient atmospheric re-entry, and hypersonic cruise, there are a few promising materials. In the present review, oxidation criteria are gathered to build application specific heuristics and are then applied to a multitude of ultra-high temperature ceramics to gauge material efficacy. Discussion of oxidation kinetics, mechanisms and reaction products is offered for each material, identifying strengths, weaknesses, and the remaining gaps in our knowledge.

AB - Materials capable of oxidizing in a protective manner at ultrahigh (>1700 °C) temperatures are needed to push beyond this barrier defined by SiC. Although possessing attractive mechanical properties and oxidation resistance, SiC-based materials are ultimately temperature limited by the melting point of SiO2. The vast array of ultra-high and high temperature ceramic literature indicates the majority of these materials, like borides, carbides, MAX-phases, and high-entropy ceramics, fall woefully short regarding oxidation resistance. However, for specific applications, like low-orbit aeropropulsion, high ballistics coefficient atmospheric re-entry, and hypersonic cruise, there are a few promising materials. In the present review, oxidation criteria are gathered to build application specific heuristics and are then applied to a multitude of ultra-high temperature ceramics to gauge material efficacy. Discussion of oxidation kinetics, mechanisms and reaction products is offered for each material, identifying strengths, weaknesses, and the remaining gaps in our knowledge.

KW - Borides

KW - Carbides

KW - Oxidation

KW - SiC

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M3 - Review article

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JO - Journal of the European Ceramic Society

JF - Journal of the European Ceramic Society

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ER -

Oxidation of ultrahigh temperature ceramics: kinetics, mechanisms, and applications

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