Optimization of catalytic cracking process for upgrading camelina oil to hydrocarbon biofuel

Xianhui Zhao; Lin Wei; Shouyun Cheng; James Julson

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.09.019

Optimization of catalytic cracking process for upgrading camelina oil to hydrocarbon biofuel

Xianhui Zhao, Lin Wei, Shouyun Cheng, James Julson

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

61 Scopus citations

Abstract

Catalytic cracking of camelina oil over Zn/ZSM-5 catalyst in a fixed-bed tubular reactor was investigated. An optimization study on the catalytic cracking conditions based on nine well-planned orthogonal experiments was carried out. Three main operation conditions including reaction temperature, liquid hourly space velocity and oil extraction press frequency were studied to examine their effects on the yield and quality of hydrocarbon biofuel produced. Characterization of the catalyst, hydrocarbon biofuel and non-condensable gas was conducted. There was no significant difference between the bulk structures of fresh Zn/ZSM-5 and used Zn/ZSM-5. Small ZnO particles dispersed well on the parent ZSM-5. Hydrocarbon biofuel contained 65.18% hydrocarbons and its properties including dynamic viscosity, density and higher heating value were improved after upgrading, compared to camelina oil. It was found that the oil extraction press frequency was the most important factor and liquid hourly space velocity was the least important factor for the hydrocarbon biofuel production. In addition, the optimum conditions for camelina oil upgrading were a combination of reaction temperature of 550°C, a liquid hourly space velocity of 1.0h^-1 and an oil extraction press frequency of 15Hz.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	516-526
Number of pages	11
Journal	Industrial Crops and Products
Volume	77
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.09.019
State	Published - Dec 23 2015
Externally published	Yes

Funding

This study was funded by the U.S. Department of Transportation through NC Sun Grant Initiative under Grant No. SA0700149. The authors would like to thank Dr. Douglas Raynie, Ms. Changling Qiu and Ms. Shanmugapriya Dharmarajan for helping in the GC/MS measurement, Dr. Qiquan Qiao and Mr. Ashish Dubey for helping in the XRD, FT-IR and SEM analysis, Dr. Lee Pullan for helping in the TEM analysis, and Dr. Zhengrong Gu and Ms. Xiaomin Wang for helping in the BET measurement. The XRD equipment is supported by the NSF MRI grant (Award No. 1229577). All the support in experiment from Mr. Yang Gao, Yinbin Huang, Zhongwei Liu and Yong Yu is gratefully acknowledged. However, only the authors are responsible for the opinions expressed in this paper and for any possible error.

Keywords

Camelina oil
Catalytic cracking
Hydrocarbon biofuel
Orthogonal experiment
Zn/ZSM-5

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title = "Optimization of catalytic cracking process for upgrading camelina oil to hydrocarbon biofuel",

abstract = "Catalytic cracking of camelina oil over Zn/ZSM-5 catalyst in a fixed-bed tubular reactor was investigated. An optimization study on the catalytic cracking conditions based on nine well-planned orthogonal experiments was carried out. Three main operation conditions including reaction temperature, liquid hourly space velocity and oil extraction press frequency were studied to examine their effects on the yield and quality of hydrocarbon biofuel produced. Characterization of the catalyst, hydrocarbon biofuel and non-condensable gas was conducted. There was no significant difference between the bulk structures of fresh Zn/ZSM-5 and used Zn/ZSM-5. Small ZnO particles dispersed well on the parent ZSM-5. Hydrocarbon biofuel contained 65.18\% hydrocarbons and its properties including dynamic viscosity, density and higher heating value were improved after upgrading, compared to camelina oil. It was found that the oil extraction press frequency was the most important factor and liquid hourly space velocity was the least important factor for the hydrocarbon biofuel production. In addition, the optimum conditions for camelina oil upgrading were a combination of reaction temperature of 550°C, a liquid hourly space velocity of 1.0h-1 and an oil extraction press frequency of 15Hz.",

keywords = "Camelina oil, Catalytic cracking, Hydrocarbon biofuel, Orthogonal experiment, Zn/ZSM-5",

author = "Xianhui Zhao and Lin Wei and Shouyun Cheng and James Julson",

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year = "2015",

month = dec,

day = "23",

doi = "10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.09.019",

language = "English",

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AU - Zhao, Xianhui

AU - Wei, Lin

AU - Cheng, Shouyun

AU - Julson, James

PY - 2015/12/23

Y1 - 2015/12/23

N2 - Catalytic cracking of camelina oil over Zn/ZSM-5 catalyst in a fixed-bed tubular reactor was investigated. An optimization study on the catalytic cracking conditions based on nine well-planned orthogonal experiments was carried out. Three main operation conditions including reaction temperature, liquid hourly space velocity and oil extraction press frequency were studied to examine their effects on the yield and quality of hydrocarbon biofuel produced. Characterization of the catalyst, hydrocarbon biofuel and non-condensable gas was conducted. There was no significant difference between the bulk structures of fresh Zn/ZSM-5 and used Zn/ZSM-5. Small ZnO particles dispersed well on the parent ZSM-5. Hydrocarbon biofuel contained 65.18% hydrocarbons and its properties including dynamic viscosity, density and higher heating value were improved after upgrading, compared to camelina oil. It was found that the oil extraction press frequency was the most important factor and liquid hourly space velocity was the least important factor for the hydrocarbon biofuel production. In addition, the optimum conditions for camelina oil upgrading were a combination of reaction temperature of 550°C, a liquid hourly space velocity of 1.0h-1 and an oil extraction press frequency of 15Hz.

AB - Catalytic cracking of camelina oil over Zn/ZSM-5 catalyst in a fixed-bed tubular reactor was investigated. An optimization study on the catalytic cracking conditions based on nine well-planned orthogonal experiments was carried out. Three main operation conditions including reaction temperature, liquid hourly space velocity and oil extraction press frequency were studied to examine their effects on the yield and quality of hydrocarbon biofuel produced. Characterization of the catalyst, hydrocarbon biofuel and non-condensable gas was conducted. There was no significant difference between the bulk structures of fresh Zn/ZSM-5 and used Zn/ZSM-5. Small ZnO particles dispersed well on the parent ZSM-5. Hydrocarbon biofuel contained 65.18% hydrocarbons and its properties including dynamic viscosity, density and higher heating value were improved after upgrading, compared to camelina oil. It was found that the oil extraction press frequency was the most important factor and liquid hourly space velocity was the least important factor for the hydrocarbon biofuel production. In addition, the optimum conditions for camelina oil upgrading were a combination of reaction temperature of 550°C, a liquid hourly space velocity of 1.0h-1 and an oil extraction press frequency of 15Hz.

KW - Camelina oil

KW - Catalytic cracking

KW - Hydrocarbon biofuel

KW - Orthogonal experiment

KW - Zn/ZSM-5

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DO - 10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.09.019

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:84942785318

SN - 0926-6690

VL - 77

SP - 516

EP - 526

JO - Industrial Crops and Products

JF - Industrial Crops and Products

ER -

Optimization of catalytic cracking process for upgrading camelina oil to hydrocarbon biofuel

Abstract

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Keywords

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