Operation of the trigger system for the ICARUS detector at Fermilab

The ICARUS collaboration

doi:10.1088/1748-0221/20/10/P10044

Operation of the trigger system for the ICARUS detector at Fermilab

The ICARUS collaboration

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

The ICARUS liquid argon TPC detector is taking data on the Booster (BNB) and Main Injector (NuMI) Neutrino beam lines at Fermilab with a trigger system based on the scintillation light produced by charged particles in coincidence with the proton beam extraction from the accelerators. The architecture and the deployment of the trigger system in the first two runs for physics are presented, as well as the triggered event rates. The event recognition efficiency has been evaluated as a function of the deposited energy and the position of cosmic muons stopping inside the detector.

Original language	English
Article number	P10044
Journal	Journal of Instrumentation
Volume	20
Issue number	10
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/20/10/P10044
State	Published - Oct 1 2025
Externally published	Yes

Funding

This document was prepared by the ICARUS Collaboration using the resources of the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab), a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, HEP User Facility. Fermilab is managed by FermiForward Discovery Group, LLC, acting under Contract No. 89243024CSC000002. This work was supported by the US Department of Energy, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN, Italy), EU Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant Agreement Nos. 734303, 822185, 858199, and 101003460 and Horizon Europe Program research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 101081478. In particular the fundamental support of INFN to ICARUS program, that allowed the development of the new LAr-TPC detection technique, is recognized and acknowledged. The ICARUS Collaboration would like to thank the MINOS Collaboration for having provided the Side CRT panels as well as Double Chooz (University of Chicago) for the Bottom CRT panels. The contribution of SBND colleagues, in particular for the development of a number of simulation, reconstruction and analysis tools which are shared within the SBN program, is warmly acknowledged. Finally, our experiment could not have been carried out without the support of CERN in the detector overhauling within the Neutrino Platform framework and of Fermilab in the detector installation and commissioning, and in providing the BNB and NuMI beams..

Keywords

Neutrino detectors
Noble liquid detectors (scintillation, ionization, double-phase)
Time projection chambers
Trigger concepts and systems (hardware and software)

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10.1088/1748-0221/20/10/P10044

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@article{434be03b46474132aabc6739f93ab534,

title = "Operation of the trigger system for the ICARUS detector at Fermilab",

abstract = "The ICARUS liquid argon TPC detector is taking data on the Booster (BNB) and Main Injector (NuMI) Neutrino beam lines at Fermilab with a trigger system based on the scintillation light produced by charged particles in coincidence with the proton beam extraction from the accelerators. The architecture and the deployment of the trigger system in the first two runs for physics are presented, as well as the triggered event rates. The event recognition efficiency has been evaluated as a function of the deposited energy and the position of cosmic muons stopping inside the detector.",

keywords = "Neutrino detectors, Noble liquid detectors (scintillation, ionization, double-phase), Time projection chambers, Trigger concepts and systems (hardware and software)",

author = "\{The ICARUS collaboration\} and \{Abd Alrahman\}, F. and P. Abratenko and N. Abrego-Martinez and A. Aduszkiewicz and F. Akbar and \{Aliaga Soplin\}, L. and \{Artero Pons\}, M. and J. Asaadi and Badgett, \{W. F.\} and B. Baibussinov and F. Battisti and V. Bellini and R. Benocci and J. Berger and S. Berkman and S. Bertolucci and M. Betancourt and A. Blanchet and F. Boffelli and M. Bonesini and T. Boone and B. Bottino and A. Braggiotti and D. Brailsford and Brice, \{S. J.\} and V. Brio and C. Brizzolari and Budd, \{H. S.\} and A. Campani and A. Campos and D. Carber and M. Carneiro and \{Caro Terrazas\}, I. and H. Carranza and \{Castillo Fernandez\}, F. and S. Centro and G. Cerati and A. Chatterjee and D. Cherdack and S. Cherubini and N. Chithirasreemadam and M. Cicerchia and Coan, \{T. E.\} and A. Cocco and Convery, \{M. R.\} and L. Cooper-Troendle and S. Copello and \{Da Motta\}, H. and M. Dallolio and A. Wood",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2025 CERN.",

year = "2025",

month = oct,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1088/1748-0221/20/10/P10044",

language = "English",

volume = "20",

journal = "Journal of Instrumentation",

issn = "1748-0221",

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T1 - Operation of the trigger system for the ICARUS detector at Fermilab

AU - The ICARUS collaboration

AU - Abd Alrahman, F.

AU - Abratenko, P.

AU - Abrego-Martinez, N.

AU - Aduszkiewicz, A.

AU - Akbar, F.

AU - Aliaga Soplin, L.

AU - Artero Pons, M.

AU - Asaadi, J.

AU - Badgett, W. F.

AU - Baibussinov, B.

AU - Battisti, F.

AU - Bellini, V.

AU - Benocci, R.

AU - Berger, J.

AU - Berkman, S.

AU - Bertolucci, S.

AU - Betancourt, M.

AU - Blanchet, A.

AU - Boffelli, F.

AU - Bonesini, M.

AU - Boone, T.

AU - Bottino, B.

AU - Braggiotti, A.

AU - Brailsford, D.

AU - Brice, S. J.

AU - Brio, V.

AU - Brizzolari, C.

AU - Budd, H. S.

AU - Campani, A.

AU - Campos, A.

AU - Carber, D.

AU - Carneiro, M.

AU - Caro Terrazas, I.

AU - Carranza, H.

AU - Castillo Fernandez, F.

AU - Centro, S.

AU - Cerati, G.

AU - Chatterjee, A.

AU - Cherdack, D.

AU - Cherubini, S.

AU - Chithirasreemadam, N.

AU - Cicerchia, M.

AU - Coan, T. E.

AU - Cocco, A.

AU - Convery, M. R.

AU - Cooper-Troendle, L.

AU - Copello, S.

AU - Da Motta, H.

AU - Dallolio, M.

AU - Wood, A.

PY - 2025/10/1

Y1 - 2025/10/1

N2 - The ICARUS liquid argon TPC detector is taking data on the Booster (BNB) and Main Injector (NuMI) Neutrino beam lines at Fermilab with a trigger system based on the scintillation light produced by charged particles in coincidence with the proton beam extraction from the accelerators. The architecture and the deployment of the trigger system in the first two runs for physics are presented, as well as the triggered event rates. The event recognition efficiency has been evaluated as a function of the deposited energy and the position of cosmic muons stopping inside the detector.

AB - The ICARUS liquid argon TPC detector is taking data on the Booster (BNB) and Main Injector (NuMI) Neutrino beam lines at Fermilab with a trigger system based on the scintillation light produced by charged particles in coincidence with the proton beam extraction from the accelerators. The architecture and the deployment of the trigger system in the first two runs for physics are presented, as well as the triggered event rates. The event recognition efficiency has been evaluated as a function of the deposited energy and the position of cosmic muons stopping inside the detector.

KW - Neutrino detectors

KW - Noble liquid detectors (scintillation, ionization, double-phase)

KW - Time projection chambers

KW - Trigger concepts and systems (hardware and software)

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105019640854

U2 - 10.1088/1748-0221/20/10/P10044

DO - 10.1088/1748-0221/20/10/P10044

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:105019640854

SN - 1748-0221

VL - 20

JO - Journal of Instrumentation

JF - Journal of Instrumentation

IS - 10

M1 - P10044

ER -

Operation of the trigger system for the ICARUS detector at Fermilab

Abstract

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Keywords

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