On-demand nanoengineering of in-plane ferroelectric topologies

Marti Checa; Bharat Pant; Alexander Puretzky; Bogdan Dryzhakov; Rama K. Vasudevan; Yongtao Liu; Pravin Kavle; Arvind Dasgupta; Lane W. Martin; Ye Cao; Liam Collins; Stephen Jesse; Neus Domingo; Kyle P. Kelley

doi:10.1038/s41565-024-01792-1

On-demand nanoengineering of in-plane ferroelectric topologies

Marti Checa, Bharat Pant, Alexander Puretzky, Bogdan Dryzhakov, Rama K. Vasudevan, Yongtao Liu, Pravin Kavle, Arvind Dasgupta, Lane W. Martin, Ye Cao, Liam Collins, Stephen Jesse, Neus Domingo, Kyle P. Kelley

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

3 Scopus citations

Abstract

Hierarchical assemblies of ferroelectric nanodomains, so-called super-domains, can exhibit exotic morphologies that lead to distinct behaviours. Controlling these super-domains reliably is critical for realizing states with desired functional properties. Here we reveal the super-switching mechanism by using a biased atomic force microscopy tip, that is, the switching of the in-plane super-domains, of a model ferroelectric Pb_0.6Sr_0.4TiO₃. We demonstrate that the writing process is dominated by a super-domain nucleation and stabilization process. A complex scanning-probe trajectory enables on-demand formation of intricate centre-divergent, centre-convergent and flux-closure polar structures. Correlative piezoresponse force microscopy and optical spectroscopy confirm the topological nature and tunability of the emergent structures. The precise and versatile nanolithography in a ferroic material and the stability of the generated structures, also validated by phase-field modelling, suggests potential for reliable multi-state nanodevice architectures and, thereby, an alternative route for the creation of tunable topological structures for applications in neuromorphic circuits.

Original language	English
Article number	2000857
Pages (from-to)	43-50
Number of pages	8
Journal	Nature Nanotechnology
Volume	20
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-024-01792-1
State	Published - Jan 2025

Funding

Research was supported by the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is a US Department of Energy, Office of Science User Facility at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The cathodoluminescence research was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences Energy Frontier Research Centers program under Award Number DE-SC0021118. P.K. acknowledges the support of the Army Research Office under the ETHOS MURI via cooperative agreement W911NF-21-2-0162 and the Intel Corp. via the COFEEE programme. A.D. acknowledges the support of the National Science Foundation via Grant DMR-2102895. L.W.M. acknowledges the support of the National Science Foundation via Grant DMR-2329111. Y.C. acknowledges the support of the National Science Foundation via Grant CMMI-2132105.

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title = "On-demand nanoengineering of in-plane ferroelectric topologies",

abstract = "Hierarchical assemblies of ferroelectric nanodomains, so-called super-domains, can exhibit exotic morphologies that lead to distinct behaviours. Controlling these super-domains reliably is critical for realizing states with desired functional properties. Here we reveal the super-switching mechanism by using a biased atomic force microscopy tip, that is, the switching of the in-plane super-domains, of a model ferroelectric Pb0.6Sr0.4TiO3. We demonstrate that the writing process is dominated by a super-domain nucleation and stabilization process. A complex scanning-probe trajectory enables on-demand formation of intricate centre-divergent, centre-convergent and flux-closure polar structures. Correlative piezoresponse force microscopy and optical spectroscopy confirm the topological nature and tunability of the emergent structures. The precise and versatile nanolithography in a ferroic material and the stability of the generated structures, also validated by phase-field modelling, suggests potential for reliable multi-state nanodevice architectures and, thereby, an alternative route for the creation of tunable topological structures for applications in neuromorphic circuits.",

author = "Marti Checa and Bharat Pant and Alexander Puretzky and Bogdan Dryzhakov and Vasudevan, {Rama K.} and Yongtao Liu and Pravin Kavle and Arvind Dasgupta and Martin, {Lane W.} and Ye Cao and Liam Collins and Stephen Jesse and Neus Domingo and Kelley, {Kyle P.}",

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doi = "10.1038/s41565-024-01792-1",

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AU - Liu, Yongtao

AU - Kavle, Pravin

AU - Dasgupta, Arvind

AU - Martin, Lane W.

AU - Cao, Ye

AU - Collins, Liam

AU - Jesse, Stephen

AU - Domingo, Neus

AU - Kelley, Kyle P.

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N2 - Hierarchical assemblies of ferroelectric nanodomains, so-called super-domains, can exhibit exotic morphologies that lead to distinct behaviours. Controlling these super-domains reliably is critical for realizing states with desired functional properties. Here we reveal the super-switching mechanism by using a biased atomic force microscopy tip, that is, the switching of the in-plane super-domains, of a model ferroelectric Pb0.6Sr0.4TiO3. We demonstrate that the writing process is dominated by a super-domain nucleation and stabilization process. A complex scanning-probe trajectory enables on-demand formation of intricate centre-divergent, centre-convergent and flux-closure polar structures. Correlative piezoresponse force microscopy and optical spectroscopy confirm the topological nature and tunability of the emergent structures. The precise and versatile nanolithography in a ferroic material and the stability of the generated structures, also validated by phase-field modelling, suggests potential for reliable multi-state nanodevice architectures and, thereby, an alternative route for the creation of tunable topological structures for applications in neuromorphic circuits.

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On-demand nanoengineering of in-plane ferroelectric topologies

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