Observation of non-thermal electron formation during the thermal quench of shattered pellet injection shutdowns in DIII-D

E. M. Hollmann; D. Shiraki; L. Baylor; I. Bykov; N. W. Eidietis; I. Golovkin; J. L. Herfindal; A. Lvovskiy; A. McLean; R. A. Moyer; T. O'Gorman; P. B. Parks; Popović

doi:10.1088/1741-4326/abc409

Observation of non-thermal electron formation during the thermal quench of shattered pellet injection shutdowns in DIII-D

E. M. Hollmann, D. Shiraki, L. Baylor, I. Bykov, N. W. Eidietis, I. Golovkin, J. L. Herfindal, A. Lvovskiy, A. McLean, R. A. Moyer, T. O'Gorman, P. B. Parks, Popović

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Abstract

Formation of non-thermal (hot) electrons is studied during the thermal quench of shattered pellet injection (SPI) discharge shutdowns in the DIII-D tokamak. Both pure neon and mixed neon/deuterium shutdowns are studied. High-energy radiation (SXR and EUV) brightness levels show indications of non-thermal electron formation during the TQ. The non-thermal densities are of order 1018 m-3 and non-thermal temperatures are estimated to be of order 10 keV. The non-thermal electrons appear to be mostly lost during the subsequent current quench, as no signal of relativistic runaway electrons is typically seen at the end of the current quench. The non-thermals appear to have an effect on the deposition profile of the SPI pellets, especially at the end of the TQ, due to increased pellet ablation.

Original language	English
Article number	016023
Journal	Nuclear Fusion
Volume	61
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/abc409
State	Published - Jan 2021

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Hollmann, E. M., Shiraki, D., Baylor, L., Bykov, I., Eidietis, N. W., Golovkin, I., Herfindal, J. L., Lvovskiy, A., McLean, A., Moyer, R. A., O'Gorman, T., Parks, P. B., & Popović (2021). Observation of non-thermal electron formation during the thermal quench of shattered pellet injection shutdowns in DIII-D. Nuclear Fusion, 61(1), Article 016023. https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/abc409

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title = "Observation of non-thermal electron formation during the thermal quench of shattered pellet injection shutdowns in DIII-D",

abstract = "Formation of non-thermal (hot) electrons is studied during the thermal quench of shattered pellet injection (SPI) discharge shutdowns in the DIII-D tokamak. Both pure neon and mixed neon/deuterium shutdowns are studied. High-energy radiation (SXR and EUV) brightness levels show indications of non-thermal electron formation during the TQ. The non-thermal densities are of order 1018 m-3 and non-thermal temperatures are estimated to be of order 10 keV. The non-thermal electrons appear to be mostly lost during the subsequent current quench, as no signal of relativistic runaway electrons is typically seen at the end of the current quench. The non-thermals appear to have an effect on the deposition profile of the SPI pellets, especially at the end of the TQ, due to increased pellet ablation.",

author = "Hollmann, {E. M.} and D. Shiraki and L. Baylor and I. Bykov and Eidietis, {N. W.} and I. Golovkin and Herfindal, {J. L.} and A. Lvovskiy and A. McLean and Moyer, {R. A.} and T. O'Gorman and Parks, {P. B.} and Popovi{\'c}",

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year = "2021",

month = jan,

doi = "10.1088/1741-4326/abc409",

language = "English",

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T1 - Observation of non-thermal electron formation during the thermal quench of shattered pellet injection shutdowns in DIII-D

AU - Hollmann, E. M.

AU - Shiraki, D.

AU - Baylor, L.

AU - Bykov, I.

AU - Eidietis, N. W.

AU - Golovkin, I.

AU - Herfindal, J. L.

AU - Lvovskiy, A.

AU - McLean, A.

AU - Moyer, R. A.

AU - O'Gorman, T.

AU - Parks, P. B.

AU - Popović,

PY - 2021/1

Y1 - 2021/1

N2 - Formation of non-thermal (hot) electrons is studied during the thermal quench of shattered pellet injection (SPI) discharge shutdowns in the DIII-D tokamak. Both pure neon and mixed neon/deuterium shutdowns are studied. High-energy radiation (SXR and EUV) brightness levels show indications of non-thermal electron formation during the TQ. The non-thermal densities are of order 1018 m-3 and non-thermal temperatures are estimated to be of order 10 keV. The non-thermal electrons appear to be mostly lost during the subsequent current quench, as no signal of relativistic runaway electrons is typically seen at the end of the current quench. The non-thermals appear to have an effect on the deposition profile of the SPI pellets, especially at the end of the TQ, due to increased pellet ablation.

AB - Formation of non-thermal (hot) electrons is studied during the thermal quench of shattered pellet injection (SPI) discharge shutdowns in the DIII-D tokamak. Both pure neon and mixed neon/deuterium shutdowns are studied. High-energy radiation (SXR and EUV) brightness levels show indications of non-thermal electron formation during the TQ. The non-thermal densities are of order 1018 m-3 and non-thermal temperatures are estimated to be of order 10 keV. The non-thermal electrons appear to be mostly lost during the subsequent current quench, as no signal of relativistic runaway electrons is typically seen at the end of the current quench. The non-thermals appear to have an effect on the deposition profile of the SPI pellets, especially at the end of the TQ, due to increased pellet ablation.

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DO - 10.1088/1741-4326/abc409

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SN - 0029-5515

VL - 61

JO - Nuclear Fusion

JF - Nuclear Fusion

IS - 1

M1 - 016023

ER -

Observation of non-thermal electron formation during the thermal quench of shattered pellet injection shutdowns in DIII-D

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