Nonuniform Oxidation Behavior of Loaded Gasoline Particulate Filters

Melanie Moses-DeBusk; John M.E. Storey; Mary A. Eibl; John F. Thomas; Todd J. Toops; Charles E.A. Finney; Josh A. Pihl; Hassina Z. Bilheux; Jens Gregor

doi:10.1007/s40825-020-00166-y

Nonuniform Oxidation Behavior of Loaded Gasoline Particulate Filters

Melanie Moses-DeBusk, John M.E. Storey, Mary A. Eibl, John F. Thomas, Todd J. Toops, Charles E.A. Finney, Josh A. Pihl, Hassina Z. Bilheux, Jens Gregor

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

6 Scopus citations

Abstract

The results of an experimental study on the oxidation behavior of loaded gasoline particulate filters (GPFs) from a gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine are reported. PM was loaded on uncatalyzed cordierite GPF mini-cores by exposure to exhaust from a light-duty GDI engine operating during a rich acceleration condition on four fuels: 100% gasoline (E0); a 30% blend of ethanol in gasoline (E30); a 24% blend of isobutanol in gasoline (iBu24); or a 48% blend of isobutanol in gasoline (iBu48). The oxidative reactivities of these four types of PM were investigated as a function of temperature. Compared with E0, particulate matter (PM) from the ethanol blend showed a significant shift to lower temperature activity, whereas both isobutanol blends produced PM requiring higher temperatures to achieve complete oxidation. The oxidation kinetics of the E0 and E30 PM were studied in more detail. These cores were used in pulsed-oxidation studies to explore the oxidation kinetics of the PM throughout a stepwise burnout (i.e., regeneration). The results suggest that the reactivity of PM on GPF cores is sensitive to both its environmental history and the type of fuel being used. A unique neutron-imaging study was also performed on E0 and E30-loaded GPF cores to study how the PM layer thicknesses change during a stepwise burnout.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	301-314
Number of pages	14
Journal	Emission Control Science and Technology
Volume	6
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s40825-020-00166-y
State	Published - Sep 1 2020

Funding

Primary funding for this work was provided by the US Department of Energy’s Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO) with a portion of this funding coming from the Co-Optimization of Fuels and Engines Initiative. The authors greatly appreciate support from Kevin Stork at VTO. This research also used resources at the High Flux Isotope Reactor, a DOE Office of Science User Facility, and the National Transportation Research Center, a DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy User Facility, both operated by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Acknowledgments

Funders	Funder number
National Transportation Research Center
U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Science
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Keywords

Activation energy
Gasoline particulate filter
Neutron imaging
Particulate matter
Soot

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10.1007/s40825-020-00166-y

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title = "Nonuniform Oxidation Behavior of Loaded Gasoline Particulate Filters",

abstract = "The results of an experimental study on the oxidation behavior of loaded gasoline particulate filters (GPFs) from a gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine are reported. PM was loaded on uncatalyzed cordierite GPF mini-cores by exposure to exhaust from a light-duty GDI engine operating during a rich acceleration condition on four fuels: 100% gasoline (E0); a 30% blend of ethanol in gasoline (E30); a 24% blend of isobutanol in gasoline (iBu24); or a 48% blend of isobutanol in gasoline (iBu48). The oxidative reactivities of these four types of PM were investigated as a function of temperature. Compared with E0, particulate matter (PM) from the ethanol blend showed a significant shift to lower temperature activity, whereas both isobutanol blends produced PM requiring higher temperatures to achieve complete oxidation. The oxidation kinetics of the E0 and E30 PM were studied in more detail. These cores were used in pulsed-oxidation studies to explore the oxidation kinetics of the PM throughout a stepwise burnout (i.e., regeneration). The results suggest that the reactivity of PM on GPF cores is sensitive to both its environmental history and the type of fuel being used. A unique neutron-imaging study was also performed on E0 and E30-loaded GPF cores to study how the PM layer thicknesses change during a stepwise burnout.",

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author = "Melanie Moses-DeBusk and Storey, {John M.E.} and Eibl, {Mary A.} and Thomas, {John F.} and Toops, {Todd J.} and Finney, {Charles E.A.} and Pihl, {Josh A.} and Bilheux, {Hassina Z.} and Jens Gregor",

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AU - Toops, Todd J.

AU - Finney, Charles E.A.

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AB - The results of an experimental study on the oxidation behavior of loaded gasoline particulate filters (GPFs) from a gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine are reported. PM was loaded on uncatalyzed cordierite GPF mini-cores by exposure to exhaust from a light-duty GDI engine operating during a rich acceleration condition on four fuels: 100% gasoline (E0); a 30% blend of ethanol in gasoline (E30); a 24% blend of isobutanol in gasoline (iBu24); or a 48% blend of isobutanol in gasoline (iBu48). The oxidative reactivities of these four types of PM were investigated as a function of temperature. Compared with E0, particulate matter (PM) from the ethanol blend showed a significant shift to lower temperature activity, whereas both isobutanol blends produced PM requiring higher temperatures to achieve complete oxidation. The oxidation kinetics of the E0 and E30 PM were studied in more detail. These cores were used in pulsed-oxidation studies to explore the oxidation kinetics of the PM throughout a stepwise burnout (i.e., regeneration). The results suggest that the reactivity of PM on GPF cores is sensitive to both its environmental history and the type of fuel being used. A unique neutron-imaging study was also performed on E0 and E30-loaded GPF cores to study how the PM layer thicknesses change during a stepwise burnout.

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Nonuniform Oxidation Behavior of Loaded Gasoline Particulate Filters

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