Nailing the peak: City-scale, building-specific load factor and contribution to a utility's hour of critical generation

Joshua R. New; Mark B. Adams; Eric Garrison; William Copeland; Brian Smith; Andy Campbell

Nailing the peak: City-scale, building-specific load factor and contribution to a utility's hour of critical generation

Joshua R. New, Mark B. Adams, Eric Garrison, William Copeland, Brian Smith, Andy Campbell

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

1 Scopus citations

Abstract

Maintaining electrical generation assets to meet peak demand increases the cost of providing electricity to a country's buildings and insufficient assets can result in power outages. In order to keep reliable electricity costs low for consumers and demand charges low for utilities, there exist markets and financial incentives for limiting consumption during peak demand. The team has partnered with an electrical distributor servicing a 1,390 km2 area and 178,368 buildings with the aim of using urban-scale building energy modelling to inform business decisions necessary for the operation of their electric grid. A suite of software has been developed that allows the scalable creation of a "digital twin" for all buildings in the utility's service area. This virtual utility area is analysed for targeted deployment of new technologies or policies to assess building-specific savings, effects on critically-loaded grid infrastructure (e.g. feeders, substations), and aggregated impact to utility-scale operations. This work leverages 15-minute data from each building to compare actual and simulated monthly peak-hour demand and assessment of the load factor for each building. Findings include market characterization via clustering of relative energy use profiles for~180,000 buildings as well as simulation-informed savings opportunities indicating residential load factors of 0.17, commercial load factors of 0.2-0.4 depending on year of construction, and general load factors of 0.16-0.5 depending on building type.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	16th International Conference of the International Building Performance Simulation Association, Building Simulation 2019
Editors	Vincenzo Corrado, Enrico Fabrizio, Andrea Gasparella, Francesco Patuzzi
Publisher	International Building Performance Simulation Association
Pages	3282-3287
Number of pages	6
ISBN (Electronic)	9781713809418
State	Published - 2019
Event	16th International Conference of the International Building Performance Simulation Association, Building Simulation 2019 - Rome, Italy Duration: Sep 2 2019 → Sep 4 2019

Publication series

Name	Building Simulation Conference Proceedings
Volume	5
ISSN (Print)	2522-2708

Conference

Conference	16th International Conference of the International Building Performance Simulation Association, Building Simulation 2019
Country/Territory	Italy
City	Rome
Period	09/2/19 → 09/4/19

Funding

This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Building Technologies Office. This research used resources of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Building Technologies Research and Integration (BTRIC), which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility. This work was funded by field work proposal CEBT105 under DOE Building Technology Office Activity Numbers BT0302000 and BT0305000. This research used resources of the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility at ORNL, which is supported by the Office of Science of the DOE under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725.

Funders	Funder number
DOE Building Technology	BT0305000, BT0302000
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Office of Science, and Building Technologies Office
U.S. Department of Energy	DE-AC05-00OR22725
Office of Science

Cite this

New, J. R., Adams, M. B., Garrison, E., Copeland, W., Smith, B., & Campbell, A. (2019). Nailing the peak: City-scale, building-specific load factor and contribution to a utility's hour of critical generation. In V. Corrado, E. Fabrizio, A. Gasparella, & F. Patuzzi (Eds.), 16th International Conference of the International Building Performance Simulation Association, Building Simulation 2019 (pp. 3282-3287). (Building Simulation Conference Proceedings; Vol. 5). International Building Performance Simulation Association.

New, Joshua R. ; Adams, Mark B. ; Garrison, Eric et al. / Nailing the peak : City-scale, building-specific load factor and contribution to a utility's hour of critical generation. 16th International Conference of the International Building Performance Simulation Association, Building Simulation 2019. editor / Vincenzo Corrado ; Enrico Fabrizio ; Andrea Gasparella ; Francesco Patuzzi. International Building Performance Simulation Association, 2019. pp. 3282-3287 (Building Simulation Conference Proceedings).

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title = "Nailing the peak: City-scale, building-specific load factor and contribution to a utility's hour of critical generation",

abstract = "Maintaining electrical generation assets to meet peak demand increases the cost of providing electricity to a country's buildings and insufficient assets can result in power outages. In order to keep reliable electricity costs low for consumers and demand charges low for utilities, there exist markets and financial incentives for limiting consumption during peak demand. The team has partnered with an electrical distributor servicing a 1,390 km2 area and 178,368 buildings with the aim of using urban-scale building energy modelling to inform business decisions necessary for the operation of their electric grid. A suite of software has been developed that allows the scalable creation of a {"}digital twin{"} for all buildings in the utility's service area. This virtual utility area is analysed for targeted deployment of new technologies or policies to assess building-specific savings, effects on critically-loaded grid infrastructure (e.g. feeders, substations), and aggregated impact to utility-scale operations. This work leverages 15-minute data from each building to compare actual and simulated monthly peak-hour demand and assessment of the load factor for each building. Findings include market characterization via clustering of relative energy use profiles for~180,000 buildings as well as simulation-informed savings opportunities indicating residential load factors of 0.17, commercial load factors of 0.2-0.4 depending on year of construction, and general load factors of 0.16-0.5 depending on building type.",

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New, JR , Adams, MB, Garrison, E, Copeland, W, Smith, B & Campbell, A 2019, Nailing the peak: City-scale, building-specific load factor and contribution to a utility's hour of critical generation. in V Corrado, E Fabrizio, A Gasparella & F Patuzzi (eds), 16th International Conference of the International Building Performance Simulation Association, Building Simulation 2019. Building Simulation Conference Proceedings, vol. 5, International Building Performance Simulation Association, pp. 3282-3287, 16th International Conference of the International Building Performance Simulation Association, Building Simulation 2019, Rome, Italy, 09/2/19.

Nailing the peak: City-scale, building-specific load factor and contribution to a utility's hour of critical generation. / New, Joshua R.; Adams, Mark B.; Garrison, Eric et al.
16th International Conference of the International Building Performance Simulation Association, Building Simulation 2019. ed. / Vincenzo Corrado; Enrico Fabrizio; Andrea Gasparella; Francesco Patuzzi. International Building Performance Simulation Association, 2019. p. 3282-3287 (Building Simulation Conference Proceedings; Vol. 5).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

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AB - Maintaining electrical generation assets to meet peak demand increases the cost of providing electricity to a country's buildings and insufficient assets can result in power outages. In order to keep reliable electricity costs low for consumers and demand charges low for utilities, there exist markets and financial incentives for limiting consumption during peak demand. The team has partnered with an electrical distributor servicing a 1,390 km2 area and 178,368 buildings with the aim of using urban-scale building energy modelling to inform business decisions necessary for the operation of their electric grid. A suite of software has been developed that allows the scalable creation of a "digital twin" for all buildings in the utility's service area. This virtual utility area is analysed for targeted deployment of new technologies or policies to assess building-specific savings, effects on critically-loaded grid infrastructure (e.g. feeders, substations), and aggregated impact to utility-scale operations. This work leverages 15-minute data from each building to compare actual and simulated monthly peak-hour demand and assessment of the load factor for each building. Findings include market characterization via clustering of relative energy use profiles for~180,000 buildings as well as simulation-informed savings opportunities indicating residential load factors of 0.17, commercial load factors of 0.2-0.4 depending on year of construction, and general load factors of 0.16-0.5 depending on building type.

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M3 - Conference contribution

AN - SCOPUS:85107389767

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New JR , Adams MB, Garrison E, Copeland W, Smith B, Campbell A. Nailing the peak: City-scale, building-specific load factor and contribution to a utility's hour of critical generation. In Corrado V, Fabrizio E, Gasparella A, Patuzzi F, editors, 16th International Conference of the International Building Performance Simulation Association, Building Simulation 2019. International Building Performance Simulation Association. 2019. p. 3282-3287. (Building Simulation Conference Proceedings).

Nailing the peak: City-scale, building-specific load factor and contribution to a utility's hour of critical generation

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