Abstract
Aim: Plants and their associated microbes influence nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems, yet we have a limited understanding of how soil acidity mediates the process. Here, we investigate whether reported differences in nitrogen (N) cycling between forests dominated by arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) trees and ectomycorrhizal (ECM) trees are related to changes in soil acid–base chemistry induced by mycorrhizal associations. Location: Global. Time period: 1969–2018. Major taxa studied: Trees. Methods: We measured and synthesized variables of leaf litter quality, soil acid–base chemistry and N cycling from: (1) a landscape-scale study of 230 subplots varying widely in AM tree dominance in a 25 ha forest plot; (2) a regional-scale study of 40 AM- and 56 ECM-dominated plots in 10 temperate forests across the eastern USA; (3) a continental-scale study of > 3,000 forest plots from 10 ecoregions across the contiguous USA; and (4) a global meta-analysis of 105 study sites with co-occurring AM and ECM forest stands. Results: Across all spatial scales, ECM-dominated forests were associated with greater soil acidity. In particular, ECM-dominated soils exhibited lower soil pH and base cations, although the magnitude of mycorrhizal-associated differences in soil acid–base chemistry depended on the biomes, with differences being more pronounced in temperate than in sub/tropical forests. Higher lignin and lower base cations in ECM tree leaf litter were related to greater soil acidity in ECM-dominated forests. Moreover, the lower inorganic N concentrations and slower N transformation rates in ECM-dominated forests were associated with their greater soil acidity. Main conclusions: Our results indicate that the scale-invariant feedbacks between plant nutrient-use strategies and soil properties have the potential to impact forest community assembly and ecosystem processes, particularly in the context of global change.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 168-182 |
| Number of pages | 15 |
| Journal | Global Ecology and Biogeography |
| Volume | 31 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jan 2022 |
Funding
Notice: This manuscript has been authored by UT‐Battelle, LLC, under contract DE‐AC05‐00OR22725 with the US Department of Energy (DOE). The US government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the US government retains a nonexclusive, paid‐up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for US government purposes. DOE will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan (http://energy.gov/downloads/doe‐public‐access‐plan). The Center for Tropical Forest Science Forest Global Earth Observatory (CTFS ForestGEO) supported Lilly‐Dickey plot establishment, and a CTFS ForestGEO grant to M. Craig supported soil analyses. We thank B. Turner, D. Agudo and M. Sheehan for help with sample collections and analyses. This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (numbers 31700538, 31870603 and 32001121), the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS (number 2019200), the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Terrestrial Ecosystem Science Program (Award# DESC0016188) and the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (number XDB31030000). Oak Ridge National Laboratory is operated by UT‐Battelle, LLC, under contract DE‐AC05‐00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The authors have no conflicts of interests to declare.
Keywords
- biogeochemical syndromes
- litter feedbacks
- mycorrhizal-associated nutrient economy
- plant species effects
- plant–soil interactions
- soil acidification