TY - JOUR
T1 - Modelling watershed and river basin processes in cold climate regions
T2 - A review
AU - Wang, Junye
AU - Shrestha, Narayan Kumar
AU - Delavar, Mojtaba Aghajani
AU - Meshesha, Tesfa Worku
AU - Bhanja, Soumendra N.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2021/2/2
Y1 - 2021/2/2
N2 - Watersheds in cold regions provide water, food, biodiversity and ecosystem service. However, the increasing demand for water resources and climate change challenge our ability to provide clean freshwater. Particularly, watersheds in cold regions are more sensitive to changing climate due to their glaciers’ retreat and permafrost. This review revisits watershed system and processes. We analyze principles of watershed modelling and characteristics of watersheds in cold regions. Then, we show observed evidence of their impacts of cold processes on hydrological and biogeochemical processes and ecosystems, and review the watershed modeling and their applications in cold regions. Finally, we identify the knowledge gaps in modeling river basins according to model structures and representations of processes and point out research priorities in future model development.
AB - Watersheds in cold regions provide water, food, biodiversity and ecosystem service. However, the increasing demand for water resources and climate change challenge our ability to provide clean freshwater. Particularly, watersheds in cold regions are more sensitive to changing climate due to their glaciers’ retreat and permafrost. This review revisits watershed system and processes. We analyze principles of watershed modelling and characteristics of watersheds in cold regions. Then, we show observed evidence of their impacts of cold processes on hydrological and biogeochemical processes and ecosystems, and review the watershed modeling and their applications in cold regions. Finally, we identify the knowledge gaps in modeling river basins according to model structures and representations of processes and point out research priorities in future model development.
KW - Climate change
KW - Cold climate
KW - Modeling of river basins
KW - Watershed modeling
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85101760524&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/w13040518
DO - 10.3390/w13040518
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85101760524
SN - 2073-4441
VL - 13
JO - Water (Switzerland)
JF - Water (Switzerland)
IS - 4
M1 - 518
ER -
