Microstructural Evaluation of Phase Instability in Large Bandgap Metal Halide Perovskites

Dohyung Kim; Jihoo Lim; Seungmin Lee; Arman Mahboubi Soufiani; Eunyoung Choi; Anton V. Ievlev; Nikolay Borodinov; Yongtao Liu; Olga S. Ovchinnikova; Mahshid Ahmadi; Sean Lim; Pankaj Sharma; Jan Seidel; Jun Hong Noh; Jae Sung Yun

doi:10.1021/acsnano.1c08726

Microstructural Evaluation of Phase Instability in Large Bandgap Metal Halide Perovskites

Dohyung Kim
, Jihoo Lim
, Seungmin Lee
, Arman Mahboubi Soufiani
, Eunyoung Choi
, Anton V. Ievlev
, Nikolay Borodinov
, Yongtao Liu
, Olga S. Ovchinnikova
, Mahshid Ahmadi
, Sean Lim
, Pankaj Sharma
, Jan Seidel
, Jun Hong Noh
, Jae Sung Yun

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

13 Scopus citations

Abstract

The optoelectronic performance of organic-inorganic halide perovskite (OIHP)-based devices has been improved in recent years. Particularly, solar cells fabricated using mixed-cations and mixed-halides have outperformed their single-cation and single-halide counterparts. Yet, a systematic evaluation of the microstructural behavior of mixed perovskites is missing despite their known composition-dependent photoinstability. Here, we explore microstructural inhomogeneity in (FAPbI3)x(MAPbBr3)1-x using advanced scanning probe microscopy techniques. Contact potential difference (CPD) maps measured by Kelvin probe force microscopy show an increased fraction of grains exhibiting a low CPD with flat topography as MAPbBr3 concentration is increased. The higher portion of low CPD contributes to asymmetric CPD distribution curves. Chemical analysis reveals these grains being rich in MA, Pb, and I. The composition-dependent phase segregation upon illumination, reflected on the emergence of a low-energy peak emission in the original photoluminescence spectra, arises from the formation of such grains with flat topology. Bias-dependent piezo-response force microscopy measurements, in these grains, further confirm vigorous ion migration and cause a hysteretic piezo-response. Our results, therefore, provide insights into the microstructural evaluation of phase segregation and ion migration in OIHPs pointing toward process optimization as a mean to further enhance their optoelectronic performance.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	20391-20402
Number of pages	12
Journal	ACS Nano
Volume	15
Issue number	12
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.1c08726
State	Published - Dec 28 2021

Funding

D.K., J.S., and J.S.Y. acknowledge support from CNMS user facility. The ToF-SIMS and Nano-IR measurements were conducted and supported by A.V.I., N.B., Y.L., and O.S.O. at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS), which is DOE Office of Science User Facility in the United States. A.M.S. acknowledges the funding support from the Australian Centre for Advanced Photovoltaics (RG193402-I). D.K. thanks Dr. Sergei V. Kalinin for useful discussion. This study was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea Government (MSIP) (Grant Nos. NRF-2020R1A2C3009115)

Keywords

contact potential difference
defects
flat grains
inhomogeneity
ion migration
large bandgap perovskites
phase instability

Access to Document

10.1021/acsnano.1c08726

Cite this

@article{41a817ce086a4219b17b4ae1ed2d38f4,

title = "Microstructural Evaluation of Phase Instability in Large Bandgap Metal Halide Perovskites",

abstract = "The optoelectronic performance of organic-inorganic halide perovskite (OIHP)-based devices has been improved in recent years. Particularly, solar cells fabricated using mixed-cations and mixed-halides have outperformed their single-cation and single-halide counterparts. Yet, a systematic evaluation of the microstructural behavior of mixed perovskites is missing despite their known composition-dependent photoinstability. Here, we explore microstructural inhomogeneity in (FAPbI3)x(MAPbBr3)1-x using advanced scanning probe microscopy techniques. Contact potential difference (CPD) maps measured by Kelvin probe force microscopy show an increased fraction of grains exhibiting a low CPD with flat topography as MAPbBr3 concentration is increased. The higher portion of low CPD contributes to asymmetric CPD distribution curves. Chemical analysis reveals these grains being rich in MA, Pb, and I. The composition-dependent phase segregation upon illumination, reflected on the emergence of a low-energy peak emission in the original photoluminescence spectra, arises from the formation of such grains with flat topology. Bias-dependent piezo-response force microscopy measurements, in these grains, further confirm vigorous ion migration and cause a hysteretic piezo-response. Our results, therefore, provide insights into the microstructural evaluation of phase segregation and ion migration in OIHPs pointing toward process optimization as a mean to further enhance their optoelectronic performance.",

keywords = "contact potential difference, defects, flat grains, inhomogeneity, ion migration, large bandgap perovskites, phase instability",

author = "Dohyung Kim and Jihoo Lim and Seungmin Lee and Soufiani, \{Arman Mahboubi\} and Eunyoung Choi and Ievlev, \{Anton V.\} and Nikolay Borodinov and Yongtao Liu and Ovchinnikova, \{Olga S.\} and Mahshid Ahmadi and Sean Lim and Pankaj Sharma and Jan Seidel and Noh, \{Jun Hong\} and Yun, \{Jae Sung\}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 American Chemical Society.",

year = "2021",

month = dec,

day = "28",

doi = "10.1021/acsnano.1c08726",

language = "English",

volume = "15",

pages = "20391--20402",

journal = "ACS Nano",

issn = "1936-0851",

publisher = "American Chemical Society",

number = "12",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Microstructural Evaluation of Phase Instability in Large Bandgap Metal Halide Perovskites

AU - Kim, Dohyung

AU - Lim, Jihoo

AU - Lee, Seungmin

AU - Soufiani, Arman Mahboubi

AU - Choi, Eunyoung

AU - Ievlev, Anton V.

AU - Borodinov, Nikolay

AU - Liu, Yongtao

AU - Ovchinnikova, Olga S.

AU - Ahmadi, Mahshid

AU - Lim, Sean

AU - Sharma, Pankaj

AU - Seidel, Jan

AU - Noh, Jun Hong

AU - Yun, Jae Sung

PY - 2021/12/28

Y1 - 2021/12/28

N2 - The optoelectronic performance of organic-inorganic halide perovskite (OIHP)-based devices has been improved in recent years. Particularly, solar cells fabricated using mixed-cations and mixed-halides have outperformed their single-cation and single-halide counterparts. Yet, a systematic evaluation of the microstructural behavior of mixed perovskites is missing despite their known composition-dependent photoinstability. Here, we explore microstructural inhomogeneity in (FAPbI3)x(MAPbBr3)1-x using advanced scanning probe microscopy techniques. Contact potential difference (CPD) maps measured by Kelvin probe force microscopy show an increased fraction of grains exhibiting a low CPD with flat topography as MAPbBr3 concentration is increased. The higher portion of low CPD contributes to asymmetric CPD distribution curves. Chemical analysis reveals these grains being rich in MA, Pb, and I. The composition-dependent phase segregation upon illumination, reflected on the emergence of a low-energy peak emission in the original photoluminescence spectra, arises from the formation of such grains with flat topology. Bias-dependent piezo-response force microscopy measurements, in these grains, further confirm vigorous ion migration and cause a hysteretic piezo-response. Our results, therefore, provide insights into the microstructural evaluation of phase segregation and ion migration in OIHPs pointing toward process optimization as a mean to further enhance their optoelectronic performance.

AB - The optoelectronic performance of organic-inorganic halide perovskite (OIHP)-based devices has been improved in recent years. Particularly, solar cells fabricated using mixed-cations and mixed-halides have outperformed their single-cation and single-halide counterparts. Yet, a systematic evaluation of the microstructural behavior of mixed perovskites is missing despite their known composition-dependent photoinstability. Here, we explore microstructural inhomogeneity in (FAPbI3)x(MAPbBr3)1-x using advanced scanning probe microscopy techniques. Contact potential difference (CPD) maps measured by Kelvin probe force microscopy show an increased fraction of grains exhibiting a low CPD with flat topography as MAPbBr3 concentration is increased. The higher portion of low CPD contributes to asymmetric CPD distribution curves. Chemical analysis reveals these grains being rich in MA, Pb, and I. The composition-dependent phase segregation upon illumination, reflected on the emergence of a low-energy peak emission in the original photoluminescence spectra, arises from the formation of such grains with flat topology. Bias-dependent piezo-response force microscopy measurements, in these grains, further confirm vigorous ion migration and cause a hysteretic piezo-response. Our results, therefore, provide insights into the microstructural evaluation of phase segregation and ion migration in OIHPs pointing toward process optimization as a mean to further enhance their optoelectronic performance.

KW - contact potential difference

KW - defects

KW - flat grains

KW - inhomogeneity

KW - ion migration

KW - large bandgap perovskites

KW - phase instability

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85120863104

U2 - 10.1021/acsnano.1c08726

DO - 10.1021/acsnano.1c08726

M3 - Article

C2 - 34846843

AN - SCOPUS:85120863104

SN - 1936-0851

VL - 15

SP - 20391

EP - 20402

JO - ACS Nano

JF - ACS Nano

IS - 12

ER -

Microstructural Evaluation of Phase Instability in Large Bandgap Metal Halide Perovskites

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this