Metal/Ion Interactions Induced p-i-n Junction in Methylammonium Lead Triiodide Perovskite Single Crystals

Ting Wu; Rupam Mukherjee; Olga S. Ovchinnikova; Liam Collins; Mahshid Ahmadi; Wei Lu; Nam Goo Kang; Jimmy W. Mays; Stephen Jesse; David Mandrus; Bin Hu

doi:10.1021/jacs.7b10416

Metal/Ion Interactions Induced p-i-n Junction in Methylammonium Lead Triiodide Perovskite Single Crystals

Ting Wu, Rupam Mukherjee, Olga S. Ovchinnikova, Liam Collins, Mahshid Ahmadi, Wei Lu, Nam Goo Kang, Jimmy W. Mays, Stephen Jesse, David Mandrus, Bin Hu

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

35 Scopus citations

Abstract

Hybrid perovskites, as emerging multifunctional semiconductors, have demonstrated dual electronic/ionic conduction properties. We report a metal/ion interaction induced p-i-n junction across slightly n-type doped MAPbI₃ single crystals with Au/MAPbI₃/Ag configuration based on interface dependent Seebeck effect, Hall effect and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry analysis. The organic cations (MA⁺) interact with Au atoms, forming positively charged coordination complexes at Au/MAPbI₃ interface, whereas iodine anions (I^-) can react with Ag contacts, leading to interfacial ionic polarization. Such metal/ion interactions establish a p-doped region near the Au/MAPbI₃ interface due to the formation of MA⁺ vacancies, and an n-doped region near the Ag/MAPbI₃ interface due to formation of I^- vacancies, consequently forming a p-i-n junction across the crystal in Au/MAPbI₃/Ag configuration. Therefore, the metal/ion interaction plays a role in determining the surface electronic structure and semiconducting properties of hybrid perovskites.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	17285-17288
Number of pages	4
Journal	Journal of the American Chemical Society
Volume	139
Issue number	48
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.7b10416
State	Published - Dec 6 2017

Funding

This research is supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (FA 9550-15-1-0064) and the National Science Foundation (CBET-1438181). This research was partially conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (based on Projects (CNMS2016-279 and CNMS2016-R45), which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Division of Scientific User Facilities, U.S. Department of Energy. B.H. acknowledges project support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21161160445 and 61077020). R.M. and D.M. acknowledge support from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation's EPiQS Initiative (GBMF4416). This research is supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (FA 9550-15-1-0064) and the National Science Foundation (CBET-1438181). This research was partially conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (based on Projects (CNMS2016-279 and CNMS2016-R45), which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Division of Scientific User Facilities, U.S. Department of Energy. B.H. acknowledges project support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21161160445 and 61077020). R.M. and D.M. acknowledge support from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation’s EPiQS Initiative (GBMF4416).

Funders	Funder number
Air Force Office of Scientific Research
Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences	CNMS2016-279, CNMS2016-R45
National Natural Science Foundation of China
National Science Foundation
National Science Foundation	CBET-1438181
U.S. Department of Energy
Air Force Office of Scientific Research	FA 9550-15-1-0064
Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation	GBMF4416
Basic Energy Sciences
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
National Natural Science Foundation of China	61077020, 21161160445

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title = "Metal/Ion Interactions Induced p-i-n Junction in Methylammonium Lead Triiodide Perovskite Single Crystals",

abstract = "Hybrid perovskites, as emerging multifunctional semiconductors, have demonstrated dual electronic/ionic conduction properties. We report a metal/ion interaction induced p-i-n junction across slightly n-type doped MAPbI3 single crystals with Au/MAPbI3/Ag configuration based on interface dependent Seebeck effect, Hall effect and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry analysis. The organic cations (MA+) interact with Au atoms, forming positively charged coordination complexes at Au/MAPbI3 interface, whereas iodine anions (I-) can react with Ag contacts, leading to interfacial ionic polarization. Such metal/ion interactions establish a p-doped region near the Au/MAPbI3 interface due to the formation of MA+ vacancies, and an n-doped region near the Ag/MAPbI3 interface due to formation of I- vacancies, consequently forming a p-i-n junction across the crystal in Au/MAPbI3/Ag configuration. Therefore, the metal/ion interaction plays a role in determining the surface electronic structure and semiconducting properties of hybrid perovskites.",

author = "Ting Wu and Rupam Mukherjee and Ovchinnikova, {Olga S.} and Liam Collins and Mahshid Ahmadi and Wei Lu and Kang, {Nam Goo} and Mays, {Jimmy W.} and Stephen Jesse and David Mandrus and Bin Hu",

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doi = "10.1021/jacs.7b10416",

language = "English",

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AU - Wu, Ting

AU - Mukherjee, Rupam

AU - Ovchinnikova, Olga S.

AU - Collins, Liam

AU - Ahmadi, Mahshid

AU - Lu, Wei

AU - Kang, Nam Goo

AU - Mays, Jimmy W.

AU - Jesse, Stephen

AU - Mandrus, David

AU - Hu, Bin

PY - 2017/12/6

Y1 - 2017/12/6

N2 - Hybrid perovskites, as emerging multifunctional semiconductors, have demonstrated dual electronic/ionic conduction properties. We report a metal/ion interaction induced p-i-n junction across slightly n-type doped MAPbI3 single crystals with Au/MAPbI3/Ag configuration based on interface dependent Seebeck effect, Hall effect and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry analysis. The organic cations (MA+) interact with Au atoms, forming positively charged coordination complexes at Au/MAPbI3 interface, whereas iodine anions (I-) can react with Ag contacts, leading to interfacial ionic polarization. Such metal/ion interactions establish a p-doped region near the Au/MAPbI3 interface due to the formation of MA+ vacancies, and an n-doped region near the Ag/MAPbI3 interface due to formation of I- vacancies, consequently forming a p-i-n junction across the crystal in Au/MAPbI3/Ag configuration. Therefore, the metal/ion interaction plays a role in determining the surface electronic structure and semiconducting properties of hybrid perovskites.

AB - Hybrid perovskites, as emerging multifunctional semiconductors, have demonstrated dual electronic/ionic conduction properties. We report a metal/ion interaction induced p-i-n junction across slightly n-type doped MAPbI3 single crystals with Au/MAPbI3/Ag configuration based on interface dependent Seebeck effect, Hall effect and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry analysis. The organic cations (MA+) interact with Au atoms, forming positively charged coordination complexes at Au/MAPbI3 interface, whereas iodine anions (I-) can react with Ag contacts, leading to interfacial ionic polarization. Such metal/ion interactions establish a p-doped region near the Au/MAPbI3 interface due to the formation of MA+ vacancies, and an n-doped region near the Ag/MAPbI3 interface due to formation of I- vacancies, consequently forming a p-i-n junction across the crystal in Au/MAPbI3/Ag configuration. Therefore, the metal/ion interaction plays a role in determining the surface electronic structure and semiconducting properties of hybrid perovskites.

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ER -

Metal/Ion Interactions Induced p-i-n Junction in Methylammonium Lead Triiodide Perovskite Single Crystals

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