Mechanisms of stored energy release in silicon carbide materials neutron-irradiated at elevated temperatures

Takaaki Koyanagi; Hsin Wang; Omer Karakoc; Yutai Katoh

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2022.110413

Mechanisms of stored energy release in silicon carbide materials neutron-irradiated at elevated temperatures

Takaaki Koyanagi, Hsin Wang, Omer Karakoc, Yutai Katoh

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

6 Scopus citations

Abstract

Understanding the stored energy release behavior of SiC is crucial for the design of SiC-based fuel cladding for light water reactors because stored energy release affects response during accident conditions. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to evaluate the stored energy of monolithic SiC and SiC fiber–reinforced SiC matrix composite variants following neutron irradiation under light water reactor–relevant dose and temperature conditions. The tests were performed at heating rates of 0.5, 3, and 20 K/min up to 1,273 K. The onset temperature of the energy release roughly corresponded to the irradiation temperature, and energy release was delayed as the heating rate increased. The monolithic and composite specimens exhibited similar stored energy release behavior up to ∼ 1,000 K, and above that temperature, the energy release depended more on material type. The energy release measured in this study is below the material-specific heat capacity at temperatures below ∼1,000 K but exceeds it under certain material and annealing conditions at temperatures above ∼1,000 K. The amount of irradiation-induced volumetric swelling of the specimens was an indication of the total stored energy. Based on this observation, the energy release behavior was described by a swelling recovery model.

Original language	English
Article number	110413
Journal	Materials and Design
Volume	214
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2022.110413
State	Published - Feb 2022

Funding

This study was supported by the US Department Energy (DOE), Office of Nuclear Energy, for the Advanced Fuels Campaign of the Nuclear Technology R&D program and the Westinghouse Electric Corporation/General Atomics FOA program under contact DE-AC05-00OR22725 with ORNL, managed by UT Battelle, LLC. Irradiation experiments on CVD SiC specimens were supported by the DOE Office of Fusion Energy Sciences under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725, and by IMR Tohoku University under contract NFE-13-04416 with UT-Battelle, LLC. A portion of this research used resources at the HFIR, a DOE Office of Science User Facility operated by ORNL. Stephanie Curlin at ORNL contributed to the DSC experiments. The authors wish to thank Peter Doyle, Anne Campbell, and Olivia Shafer at ORNL for reviewing and editing this manuscript. Notice: This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the US Department of Energy (DOE). The US government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the US government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for US government purposes. DOE will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan ( http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan ).

Funders	Funder number
DOE Office of Fusion Energy Sciences
IMR Tohoku University	NFE-13-04416
Westinghouse Electric Corporation/General Atomics	DE-AC05-00OR22725
U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Science
Office of Nuclear Energy
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
UT-Battelle

Keywords

Differential scanning calorimetry
Neutron irradiation
Silicon carbide
Stored energy release

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10.1016/j.matdes.2022.110413

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title = "Mechanisms of stored energy release in silicon carbide materials neutron-irradiated at elevated temperatures",

abstract = "Understanding the stored energy release behavior of SiC is crucial for the design of SiC-based fuel cladding for light water reactors because stored energy release affects response during accident conditions. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to evaluate the stored energy of monolithic SiC and SiC fiber–reinforced SiC matrix composite variants following neutron irradiation under light water reactor–relevant dose and temperature conditions. The tests were performed at heating rates of 0.5, 3, and 20 K/min up to 1,273 K. The onset temperature of the energy release roughly corresponded to the irradiation temperature, and energy release was delayed as the heating rate increased. The monolithic and composite specimens exhibited similar stored energy release behavior up to ∼ 1,000 K, and above that temperature, the energy release depended more on material type. The energy release measured in this study is below the material-specific heat capacity at temperatures below ∼1,000 K but exceeds it under certain material and annealing conditions at temperatures above ∼1,000 K. The amount of irradiation-induced volumetric swelling of the specimens was an indication of the total stored energy. Based on this observation, the energy release behavior was described by a swelling recovery model.",

keywords = "Differential scanning calorimetry, Neutron irradiation, Silicon carbide, Stored energy release",

author = "Takaaki Koyanagi and Hsin Wang and Omer Karakoc and Yutai Katoh",

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year = "2022",

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doi = "10.1016/j.matdes.2022.110413",

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AU - Koyanagi, Takaaki

AU - Wang, Hsin

AU - Karakoc, Omer

AU - Katoh, Yutai

PY - 2022/2

Y1 - 2022/2

N2 - Understanding the stored energy release behavior of SiC is crucial for the design of SiC-based fuel cladding for light water reactors because stored energy release affects response during accident conditions. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to evaluate the stored energy of monolithic SiC and SiC fiber–reinforced SiC matrix composite variants following neutron irradiation under light water reactor–relevant dose and temperature conditions. The tests were performed at heating rates of 0.5, 3, and 20 K/min up to 1,273 K. The onset temperature of the energy release roughly corresponded to the irradiation temperature, and energy release was delayed as the heating rate increased. The monolithic and composite specimens exhibited similar stored energy release behavior up to ∼ 1,000 K, and above that temperature, the energy release depended more on material type. The energy release measured in this study is below the material-specific heat capacity at temperatures below ∼1,000 K but exceeds it under certain material and annealing conditions at temperatures above ∼1,000 K. The amount of irradiation-induced volumetric swelling of the specimens was an indication of the total stored energy. Based on this observation, the energy release behavior was described by a swelling recovery model.

AB - Understanding the stored energy release behavior of SiC is crucial for the design of SiC-based fuel cladding for light water reactors because stored energy release affects response during accident conditions. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to evaluate the stored energy of monolithic SiC and SiC fiber–reinforced SiC matrix composite variants following neutron irradiation under light water reactor–relevant dose and temperature conditions. The tests were performed at heating rates of 0.5, 3, and 20 K/min up to 1,273 K. The onset temperature of the energy release roughly corresponded to the irradiation temperature, and energy release was delayed as the heating rate increased. The monolithic and composite specimens exhibited similar stored energy release behavior up to ∼ 1,000 K, and above that temperature, the energy release depended more on material type. The energy release measured in this study is below the material-specific heat capacity at temperatures below ∼1,000 K but exceeds it under certain material and annealing conditions at temperatures above ∼1,000 K. The amount of irradiation-induced volumetric swelling of the specimens was an indication of the total stored energy. Based on this observation, the energy release behavior was described by a swelling recovery model.

KW - Differential scanning calorimetry

KW - Neutron irradiation

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KW - Stored energy release

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ER -

Mechanisms of stored energy release in silicon carbide materials neutron-irradiated at elevated temperatures

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Keywords

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