Mechanically Robust, Sodium-Ion Conducting Membranes for Nonaqueous Redox Flow Batteries

Rose E. Ruther; Guang Yang; Frank M. Delnick; Zhijiang Tang; Michelle L. Lehmann; Tomonori Saito; Yujie Meng; Thomas A. Zawodzinski; Jagjit Nanda

doi:10.1021/acsenergylett.8b00680

Mechanically Robust, Sodium-Ion Conducting Membranes for Nonaqueous Redox Flow Batteries

Rose E. Ruther, Guang Yang, Frank M. Delnick, Zhijiang Tang, Michelle L. Lehmann, Tomonori Saito, Yujie Meng, Thomas A. Zawodzinski, Jagjit Nanda

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

25 Scopus citations

Abstract

Sodium-based batteries are promising for grid-storage applications because of significantly lower cost compared to lithium-based systems. The advancement of solid-state and redox-flow sodium-ion batteries requires sodium-ion exchange membranes with high conductivity, electrochemical stability, and mechanical robustness. This study demonstrates that membranes based on poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) can meet these requirements. Membranes plasticized with tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (TEGDME) achieve high ionic conductivity. Plasticized PEO membranes containing sodium triflate salt (NaTFS) show about 2 orders of magnitude higher conductivity compared to nonplasticized PEO membranes. Results from vibrational spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry describe the coordination chemistry in these multiphase materials and explain the mechanisms behind the increased conductivity. The mechanical properties of the membranes improve by addition of 5 wt % sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) without compromising the conductivity or electrochemical stability against sodium metal. The optimized membrane is an excellent candidate for low-cost energy storage systems that operate over a wide voltage window near ambient temperature.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1640-1647
Number of pages	8
Journal	ACS Energy Letters
Volume	3
Issue number	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.8b00680
State	Published - Jul 13 2018

Funding

This work is supported by Dr. Imre Gyuk, Manager, Energy Storage Program, Office of Electricity Delivery and Reliability, Department of Energy. The spectroscopy effort is supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy. We thank Xi Chelsea Chen for valuable discussions during the preparation of this manuscript. This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. The Department of Energy will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan (http://energy.gov/ downloads/doe-public-access-plan).

Funders	Funder number
U.S. Department of Energy
Oak Ridge National Laboratory

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title = "Mechanically Robust, Sodium-Ion Conducting Membranes for Nonaqueous Redox Flow Batteries",

abstract = "Sodium-based batteries are promising for grid-storage applications because of significantly lower cost compared to lithium-based systems. The advancement of solid-state and redox-flow sodium-ion batteries requires sodium-ion exchange membranes with high conductivity, electrochemical stability, and mechanical robustness. This study demonstrates that membranes based on poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) can meet these requirements. Membranes plasticized with tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (TEGDME) achieve high ionic conductivity. Plasticized PEO membranes containing sodium triflate salt (NaTFS) show about 2 orders of magnitude higher conductivity compared to nonplasticized PEO membranes. Results from vibrational spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry describe the coordination chemistry in these multiphase materials and explain the mechanisms behind the increased conductivity. The mechanical properties of the membranes improve by addition of 5 wt % sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) without compromising the conductivity or electrochemical stability against sodium metal. The optimized membrane is an excellent candidate for low-cost energy storage systems that operate over a wide voltage window near ambient temperature.",

author = "Ruther, {Rose E.} and Guang Yang and Delnick, {Frank M.} and Zhijiang Tang and Lehmann, {Michelle L.} and Tomonori Saito and Yujie Meng and Zawodzinski, {Thomas A.} and Jagjit Nanda",

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AU - Lehmann, Michelle L.

AU - Saito, Tomonori

AU - Meng, Yujie

AU - Zawodzinski, Thomas A.

AU - Nanda, Jagjit

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N2 - Sodium-based batteries are promising for grid-storage applications because of significantly lower cost compared to lithium-based systems. The advancement of solid-state and redox-flow sodium-ion batteries requires sodium-ion exchange membranes with high conductivity, electrochemical stability, and mechanical robustness. This study demonstrates that membranes based on poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) can meet these requirements. Membranes plasticized with tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (TEGDME) achieve high ionic conductivity. Plasticized PEO membranes containing sodium triflate salt (NaTFS) show about 2 orders of magnitude higher conductivity compared to nonplasticized PEO membranes. Results from vibrational spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry describe the coordination chemistry in these multiphase materials and explain the mechanisms behind the increased conductivity. The mechanical properties of the membranes improve by addition of 5 wt % sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) without compromising the conductivity or electrochemical stability against sodium metal. The optimized membrane is an excellent candidate for low-cost energy storage systems that operate over a wide voltage window near ambient temperature.

AB - Sodium-based batteries are promising for grid-storage applications because of significantly lower cost compared to lithium-based systems. The advancement of solid-state and redox-flow sodium-ion batteries requires sodium-ion exchange membranes with high conductivity, electrochemical stability, and mechanical robustness. This study demonstrates that membranes based on poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) can meet these requirements. Membranes plasticized with tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (TEGDME) achieve high ionic conductivity. Plasticized PEO membranes containing sodium triflate salt (NaTFS) show about 2 orders of magnitude higher conductivity compared to nonplasticized PEO membranes. Results from vibrational spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry describe the coordination chemistry in these multiphase materials and explain the mechanisms behind the increased conductivity. The mechanical properties of the membranes improve by addition of 5 wt % sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) without compromising the conductivity or electrochemical stability against sodium metal. The optimized membrane is an excellent candidate for low-cost energy storage systems that operate over a wide voltage window near ambient temperature.

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Mechanically Robust, Sodium-Ion Conducting Membranes for Nonaqueous Redox Flow Batteries

Abstract

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