Mechanically induced thermal runaway severity analysis for Li-ion batteries

L. S. Lin; J. L. Li; I. M. Fishman; L. Torres-Castro; Y. Preger; V. De Angelis; J. Lamb; X. Q. Zhu; S. Allu; H. Wang

doi:10.1016/j.est.2023.106798

Mechanically induced thermal runaway severity analysis for Li-ion batteries

L. S. Lin, J. L. Li, I. M. Fishman, L. Torres-Castro, Y. Preger, V. De Angelis, J. Lamb, X. Q. Zhu, S. Allu, H. Wang

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

11 Scopus citations

Abstract

Thermal runaway is one of the most important safety concerns in the deployment of Li-ion batteries. We developed a standardized single-side indentation test protocol to induce an internal short-circuit. Cell voltage, temperature, and applied compressive force are monitored as a function of time. Each cell is given an observed hazard severity (OHS in five categories) modified from the EUCAR table. Meanwhile a calculated hazard severity (CHS) is obtained solely based on temperature and voltage curves. The calculation formula considers the cell temperature, rate of temperature increase, cell capacity, state of charge (SOC), voltage drop, and voltage drop rate. Each term is assigned with an appropriate weight to scale the calculated score from 0 to100. This method was applied to >100 Li-ion batteries with various SOCs and chemistries, and their OHS and CHS were displayed against SOC. The purpose is to provide battery designers, manufacturers, and end-users a clear comparison of thermal runaway severity of different batteries.

Original language	English
Article number	106798
Journal	Journal of Energy Storage
Volume	61
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2023.106798
State	Published - May 2023

Funding

This manuscript has been authored in part by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the US Department of Energy (DOE). The US government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the US government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for US government purposes. DOE will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan ( http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan ). This work was supported by the Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Electricity (OE) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory managed by UT-Battelle LLC under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 , and Sandia National Laboratories . Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-mission laboratory managed and operated by National Technology and Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC., a wholly owned subsidiary of Honeywell International, Inc., for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-NA-0003525 . XQZ was supported by the China Scholarship Council (No. 201806030115 ). IF was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Workforce Development for Teachers and Scientists (WDTS) under the Science Undergraduate Laboratory Internships Program (SULI). The authors appreciate Soteria Battery Innovation Group ( [email protected] ) provided helpful dialogue and test materials.

Funders	Funder number
Office of Workforce Development for Teachers
U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Science
National Nuclear Security Administration	DE-NA-0003525
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Sandia National Laboratories
Office of Electricity
UT-Battelle	DE-AC05-00OR22725
China Scholarship Council	201806030115

Keywords

Database
Internal short-circuit
Li-ion battery
Thermal runaway

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.1016/j.est.2023.106798

Cite this

@article{6dbb1ed66169487b923ee9b9c72d8136,

title = "Mechanically induced thermal runaway severity analysis for Li-ion batteries",

abstract = "Thermal runaway is one of the most important safety concerns in the deployment of Li-ion batteries. We developed a standardized single-side indentation test protocol to induce an internal short-circuit. Cell voltage, temperature, and applied compressive force are monitored as a function of time. Each cell is given an observed hazard severity (OHS in five categories) modified from the EUCAR table. Meanwhile a calculated hazard severity (CHS) is obtained solely based on temperature and voltage curves. The calculation formula considers the cell temperature, rate of temperature increase, cell capacity, state of charge (SOC), voltage drop, and voltage drop rate. Each term is assigned with an appropriate weight to scale the calculated score from 0 to100. This method was applied to >100 Li-ion batteries with various SOCs and chemistries, and their OHS and CHS were displayed against SOC. The purpose is to provide battery designers, manufacturers, and end-users a clear comparison of thermal runaway severity of different batteries.",

keywords = "Database, Internal short-circuit, Li-ion battery, Thermal runaway",

author = "Lin, {L. S.} and Li, {J. L.} and Fishman, {I. M.} and L. Torres-Castro and Y. Preger and {De Angelis}, V. and J. Lamb and Zhu, {X. Q.} and S. Allu and H. Wang",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 Elsevier Ltd",

year = "2023",

month = may,

doi = "10.1016/j.est.2023.106798",

language = "English",

volume = "61",

journal = "Journal of Energy Storage",

issn = "2352-152X",

publisher = "Elsevier",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Mechanically induced thermal runaway severity analysis for Li-ion batteries

AU - Lin, L. S.

AU - Li, J. L.

AU - Fishman, I. M.

AU - Torres-Castro, L.

AU - Preger, Y.

AU - De Angelis, V.

AU - Lamb, J.

AU - Zhu, X. Q.

AU - Allu, S.

AU - Wang, H.

PY - 2023/5

Y1 - 2023/5

N2 - Thermal runaway is one of the most important safety concerns in the deployment of Li-ion batteries. We developed a standardized single-side indentation test protocol to induce an internal short-circuit. Cell voltage, temperature, and applied compressive force are monitored as a function of time. Each cell is given an observed hazard severity (OHS in five categories) modified from the EUCAR table. Meanwhile a calculated hazard severity (CHS) is obtained solely based on temperature and voltage curves. The calculation formula considers the cell temperature, rate of temperature increase, cell capacity, state of charge (SOC), voltage drop, and voltage drop rate. Each term is assigned with an appropriate weight to scale the calculated score from 0 to100. This method was applied to >100 Li-ion batteries with various SOCs and chemistries, and their OHS and CHS were displayed against SOC. The purpose is to provide battery designers, manufacturers, and end-users a clear comparison of thermal runaway severity of different batteries.

AB - Thermal runaway is one of the most important safety concerns in the deployment of Li-ion batteries. We developed a standardized single-side indentation test protocol to induce an internal short-circuit. Cell voltage, temperature, and applied compressive force are monitored as a function of time. Each cell is given an observed hazard severity (OHS in five categories) modified from the EUCAR table. Meanwhile a calculated hazard severity (CHS) is obtained solely based on temperature and voltage curves. The calculation formula considers the cell temperature, rate of temperature increase, cell capacity, state of charge (SOC), voltage drop, and voltage drop rate. Each term is assigned with an appropriate weight to scale the calculated score from 0 to100. This method was applied to >100 Li-ion batteries with various SOCs and chemistries, and their OHS and CHS were displayed against SOC. The purpose is to provide battery designers, manufacturers, and end-users a clear comparison of thermal runaway severity of different batteries.

KW - Database

KW - Internal short-circuit

KW - Li-ion battery

KW - Thermal runaway

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85147549035&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.est.2023.106798

DO - 10.1016/j.est.2023.106798

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85147549035

SN - 2352-152X

VL - 61

JO - Journal of Energy Storage

JF - Journal of Energy Storage

M1 - 106798

ER -

Mechanically induced thermal runaway severity analysis for Li-ion batteries

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

UN SDGs

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this