Abstract
Biomass, as harvested, is composed of inorganic compounds both intrinsically and extrinsically and can be abrasive. The present study investigates the wear modes and mechanisms of two types of blades of hammer mills used in biomass size reduction (impacting the particle size and distribution) and densification (impacting the size, shape, and density). The dominant wear modes for the stage 1 steel blades are determined to be erosive and polishing wear. For the stage 2 blades with a carbide weld overlay, the main wear mechanisms are erosion and fracture. Partial replacement of Co by Fe in the outer layer of the carbide grits, likely induced by diffusion during high-Temperature welding, has been correlated to the observed microcracking. The microcracking is believed to weaken the grit strength and fracture toughness to make the overlay prone to fracture and erosion due to repetitive contact with the inorganic contents in chopping biomass.
Original language | English |
---|---|
Pages (from-to) | 3541-3546 |
Number of pages | 6 |
Journal | ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering |
Volume | 8 |
Issue number | 9 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Mar 9 2020 |
Funding
Research was sponsored by the Feedstock Conversion Interface Consortium (FCIC) of the Bioenergy Technologies Office, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). Notice: This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). The U.S. government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the U.S. government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for U.S. government purposes. The U.S. DOE will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan Access Plan ( http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan ).
Keywords
- Abrasive wear
- Biomass
- Erosive wear
- Failure analysis
- Hammer mills