Massive Dirac magnons in the three-dimensional honeycomb magnetic oxide

Jae Ho Chung; Kwangwoo Shin; Tetsuya R. Yokoo; Daichi Ueta; Masaki Imai; Heung Sik Kim; Do Hoon Kiem; Myung Joon Han; Shin Ichi Shamoto

doi:10.1038/s41598-025-90478-2

Massive Dirac magnons in the three-dimensional honeycomb magnetic oxide

Jae Ho Chung, Kwangwoo Shin, Tetsuya R. Yokoo, Daichi Ueta, Masaki Imai, Heung Sik Kim, Do Hoon Kiem, Myung Joon Han, Shin Ichi Shamoto

Materials Theory

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Two dimensional honeycomb ferromagnets host massless Dirac magnons which are a bosonic analogue of Dirac fermions in graphene. The Dirac magnons may become massive and topological when the time reversal symmetry breaks and an energy gap opens up at the Dirac point, which was experimentally observed in -based van der Waals magnets. Here, we investigate the spin wave excitations in the 3d magnetic oxide with electrons (). Using inelastic neutron scattering, we observe two magnon bands separated by a 1.2-meV gap at the Dirac points indicating that its Dirac magnons are massive. Using the linear spin-wave and density functional theory calculations, we find that the spin-orbit-coupled antisymmetric Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya exchanges can best account for the observed Dirac gap opening. The associated Berry curvature and Chern number () indicate that hosts topological spin excitations via time-reversal symmetry breaking of Dirac magnons.

Original language	English
Article number	5978
Journal	Scientific Reports
Volume	15
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-90478-2
State	Published - Dec 2025

Funding

The INS experiments using POLANO were carried out under the proposals No. 2021B0354 and No. 2023A0114. JHC\u2019s work was supported by the National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea (Grants No. 2022R1F1A1074321, No. RS-2020-NR049536, and No. RS-2023-00281671). SS was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) (No. 22K04678) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. KS was supported by the Nano and Material Technology Development Program (RS-2023-00281839) through the NRF of Korea funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT. TRY was supported by JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) (No. 20H04461). MJH was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No. RS2023-00253716) and Samsung Science & Technology Foundation (Grant No. SSTF-BA2101-05). This work was also partially supported by a Korea University Grant.

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abstract = "Two dimensional honeycomb ferromagnets host massless Dirac magnons which are a bosonic analogue of Dirac fermions in graphene. The Dirac magnons may become massive and topological when the time reversal symmetry breaks and an energy gap opens up at the Dirac point, which was experimentally observed in -based van der Waals magnets. Here, we investigate the spin wave excitations in the 3d magnetic oxide with electrons (). Using inelastic neutron scattering, we observe two magnon bands separated by a 1.2-meV gap at the Dirac points indicating that its Dirac magnons are massive. Using the linear spin-wave and density functional theory calculations, we find that the spin-orbit-coupled antisymmetric Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya exchanges can best account for the observed Dirac gap opening. The associated Berry curvature and Chern number () indicate that hosts topological spin excitations via time-reversal symmetry breaking of Dirac magnons.",

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AU - Chung, Jae Ho

AU - Shin, Kwangwoo

AU - Yokoo, Tetsuya R.

AU - Ueta, Daichi

AU - Imai, Masaki

AU - Kim, Heung Sik

AU - Kiem, Do Hoon

AU - Han, Myung Joon

AU - Shamoto, Shin Ichi

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Massive Dirac magnons in the three-dimensional honeycomb magnetic oxide

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