Magnetic hysteresis of an artificial square ice studied by in-plane Bragg xray resonant magnetic scattering

J. P. Morgan; C. J. Kinane; T. R. Charlton; A. Stein; C. Sánchez-Hanke; D. A. Arena; S. Langridge; C. H. Marrows

doi:10.1063/1.4732147

Magnetic hysteresis of an artificial square ice studied by in-plane Bragg xray resonant magnetic scattering

J. P. Morgan, C. J. Kinane, T. R. Charlton, A. Stein, C. Sánchez-Hanke, D. A. Arena, S. Langridge, C. H. Marrows

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13 Scopus citations

Abstract

We report X-ray resonant magnetic scattering studies of a Permalloy artificial square ice nanomagnet array, focussing on the field-driven evolution of the sum σ and difference δ signals of left and right handed circularly polarized synchrotron X-rays at different lateral positions in reciprocal space Qx. We used X-rays tuned to the Fe L₃ resonance energy, with the scattering plane aligned along a principal symmetry axis of the array. Details of the specular δ hysteresis curve are discussed, following the system magnetization from an initial demagnetized state. The periodic structure gives rise to distinct peaks at in-plane reciprocal Bragg positions, as shown by fitting σ(Qx) to a model based on a simple unit cell structure. Diffraction orderdependent hysteresis in δ is observed, indicative of the reordering of magnetization on the system's two interpenetrating sublattices, which markedly deviates from an ideal Ising picture under strong applied fields.

Original language	English
Article number	022163
Journal	AIP Advances
Volume	2
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4732147
State	Published - Jun 2012
Externally published	Yes

Funding

We would like to thank Raymond Fan for useful discussions. This work was supported by the UK EPSRC and the STFC Centre for Materials Physics and Chemistry. The research was carried out in part at the Center for Functional Nanomaterials and the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, which are supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under contract no. DE-AC02-98CH10886.

Funders	Funder number
National Synchrotron Light Source
U.S. Department of Energy
Basic Energy Sciences	DE-AC02-98CH10886
Brookhaven National Laboratory
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council	EP/G005176/1
Science and Technology Facilities Council

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abstract = "We report X-ray resonant magnetic scattering studies of a Permalloy artificial square ice nanomagnet array, focussing on the field-driven evolution of the sum σ and difference δ signals of left and right handed circularly polarized synchrotron X-rays at different lateral positions in reciprocal space Qx. We used X-rays tuned to the Fe L3 resonance energy, with the scattering plane aligned along a principal symmetry axis of the array. Details of the specular δ hysteresis curve are discussed, following the system magnetization from an initial demagnetized state. The periodic structure gives rise to distinct peaks at in-plane reciprocal Bragg positions, as shown by fitting σ(Qx) to a model based on a simple unit cell structure. Diffraction orderdependent hysteresis in δ is observed, indicative of the reordering of magnetization on the system's two interpenetrating sublattices, which markedly deviates from an ideal Ising picture under strong applied fields.",

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AU - Kinane, C. J.

AU - Charlton, T. R.

AU - Stein, A.

AU - Sánchez-Hanke, C.

AU - Arena, D. A.

AU - Langridge, S.

AU - Marrows, C. H.

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N2 - We report X-ray resonant magnetic scattering studies of a Permalloy artificial square ice nanomagnet array, focussing on the field-driven evolution of the sum σ and difference δ signals of left and right handed circularly polarized synchrotron X-rays at different lateral positions in reciprocal space Qx. We used X-rays tuned to the Fe L3 resonance energy, with the scattering plane aligned along a principal symmetry axis of the array. Details of the specular δ hysteresis curve are discussed, following the system magnetization from an initial demagnetized state. The periodic structure gives rise to distinct peaks at in-plane reciprocal Bragg positions, as shown by fitting σ(Qx) to a model based on a simple unit cell structure. Diffraction orderdependent hysteresis in δ is observed, indicative of the reordering of magnetization on the system's two interpenetrating sublattices, which markedly deviates from an ideal Ising picture under strong applied fields.

AB - We report X-ray resonant magnetic scattering studies of a Permalloy artificial square ice nanomagnet array, focussing on the field-driven evolution of the sum σ and difference δ signals of left and right handed circularly polarized synchrotron X-rays at different lateral positions in reciprocal space Qx. We used X-rays tuned to the Fe L3 resonance energy, with the scattering plane aligned along a principal symmetry axis of the array. Details of the specular δ hysteresis curve are discussed, following the system magnetization from an initial demagnetized state. The periodic structure gives rise to distinct peaks at in-plane reciprocal Bragg positions, as shown by fitting σ(Qx) to a model based on a simple unit cell structure. Diffraction orderdependent hysteresis in δ is observed, indicative of the reordering of magnetization on the system's two interpenetrating sublattices, which markedly deviates from an ideal Ising picture under strong applied fields.

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Magnetic hysteresis of an artificial square ice studied by in-plane Bragg xray resonant magnetic scattering

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