Magnetic crystalline-symmetry-protected axion electrodynamics and field-tunable unpinned Dirac cones in EuIn2As2

S. X.M. Riberolles; T. V. Trevisan; B. Kuthanazhi; T. W. Heitmann; F. Ye; D. C. Johnston; S. L. Bud’ko; D. H. Ryan; P. C. Canfield; A. Kreyssig; A. Vishwanath; R. J. McQueeney; L. L. Wang; P. P. Orth; B. G. Ueland

doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21154-y

Magnetic crystalline-symmetry-protected axion electrodynamics and field-tunable unpinned Dirac cones in EuIn₂As₂

S. X.M. Riberolles, T. V. Trevisan, B. Kuthanazhi, T. W. Heitmann, F. Ye, D. C. Johnston, S. L. Bud’ko, D. H. Ryan, P. C. Canfield, A. Kreyssig, A. Vishwanath, R. J. McQueeney, L. L. Wang, P. P. Orth, B. G. Ueland

Single Crystal Diffraction

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Abstract

Knowledge of magnetic symmetry is vital for exploiting nontrivial surface states of magnetic topological materials. EuIn₂As₂ is an excellent example, as it is predicted to have collinear antiferromagnetic order where the magnetic moment direction determines either a topological-crystalline-insulator phase supporting axion electrodynamics or a higher-order-topological-insulator phase with chiral hinge states. Here, we use neutron diffraction, symmetry analysis, and density functional theory results to demonstrate that EuIn₂As₂ actually exhibits low-symmetry helical antiferromagnetic order which makes it a stoichiometric magnetic topological-crystalline axion insulator protected by the combination of a 180^∘ rotation and time-reversal symmetries: C₂× T= 2 ^′. Surfaces protected by 2 ^′ are expected to have an exotic gapless Dirac cone which is unpinned to specific crystal momenta. All other surfaces have gapped Dirac cones and exhibit half-integer quantum anomalous Hall conductivity. We predict that the direction of a modest applied magnetic field of μ₀H ≈ 1 to 2 T can tune between gapless and gapped surface states.

Original language	English
Article number	999
Journal	Nature Communications
Volume	12
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-21154-y
State	Published - Dec 1 2021

Funding

This research was supported by the Center for Advancement of Topological Semimetals, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, through the Ames Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. D.C.J., S.L.B., and A.K. were supported by U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Field Work Proposals at the Ames Laboratory operated under the same contract number. This research used resources at the Spallation Neutron Source, a DOE Office of Science User Facility operated by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. This research used resources at the Missouri University Research Reactor. Financial support for this work was provided by Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies. Much of this work was carried out while D.H.R. was on sabbatical at Iowa State University and Ames Laboratory, and their generous support under the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358 during this visit is gratefully acknowledged.

Funders	Funder number
Office of Science
Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies
Ames Laboratory	DE-AC02-07CH11358
U.S. Department of Energy
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Basic Energy Sciences

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Riberolles, S. X. M., Trevisan, T. V., Kuthanazhi, B., Heitmann, T. W., Ye, F., Johnston, D. C., Bud’ko, S. L., Ryan, D. H., Canfield, P. C., Kreyssig, A., Vishwanath, A., McQueeney, R. J., Wang, L. L., Orth, P. P., & Ueland, B. G. (2021). Magnetic crystalline-symmetry-protected axion electrodynamics and field-tunable unpinned Dirac cones in EuIn₂As₂. Nature Communications, 12(1), Article 999. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-21154-y

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abstract = "Knowledge of magnetic symmetry is vital for exploiting nontrivial surface states of magnetic topological materials. EuIn2As2 is an excellent example, as it is predicted to have collinear antiferromagnetic order where the magnetic moment direction determines either a topological-crystalline-insulator phase supporting axion electrodynamics or a higher-order-topological-insulator phase with chiral hinge states. Here, we use neutron diffraction, symmetry analysis, and density functional theory results to demonstrate that EuIn2As2 actually exhibits low-symmetry helical antiferromagnetic order which makes it a stoichiometric magnetic topological-crystalline axion insulator protected by the combination of a 180∘ rotation and time-reversal symmetries: C2× T= 2 ′. Surfaces protected by 2 ′ are expected to have an exotic gapless Dirac cone which is unpinned to specific crystal momenta. All other surfaces have gapped Dirac cones and exhibit half-integer quantum anomalous Hall conductivity. We predict that the direction of a modest applied magnetic field of μ0H ≈ 1 to 2 T can tune between gapless and gapped surface states.",

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Riberolles, SXM, Trevisan, TV, Kuthanazhi, B, Heitmann, TW, Ye, F, Johnston, DC, Bud’ko, SL, Ryan, DH, Canfield, PC, Kreyssig, A, Vishwanath, A, McQueeney, RJ, Wang, LL, Orth, PP & Ueland, BG 2021, 'Magnetic crystalline-symmetry-protected axion electrodynamics and field-tunable unpinned Dirac cones in EuIn₂As₂', Nature Communications, vol. 12, no. 1, 999. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-21154-y

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AU - Kuthanazhi, B.

AU - Heitmann, T. W.

AU - Ye, F.

AU - Johnston, D. C.

AU - Bud’ko, S. L.

AU - Ryan, D. H.

AU - Canfield, P. C.

AU - Kreyssig, A.

AU - Vishwanath, A.

AU - McQueeney, R. J.

AU - Wang, L. L.

AU - Orth, P. P.

AU - Ueland, B. G.

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Magnetic crystalline-symmetry-protected axion electrodynamics and field-tunable unpinned Dirac cones in EuIn₂As₂

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