Local Structures of Soft Carbon and Electrochemical Performance of Potassium-Ion Batteries

Mingyang Ou; Yuanpeng Zhang; Yongcheng Zhu; Chenyang Fan; Shixiong Sun; Jiatai Feng; Xueping Sun; Peng Wei; Jia Xu; Jian Peng; Xianyong Wu; Gang Jiang; Qing Li; Chun Fang; Jiantao Han

doi:10.1021/acsami.1c06303

Local Structures of Soft Carbon and Electrochemical Performance of Potassium-Ion Batteries

Mingyang Ou, Yuanpeng Zhang, Yongcheng Zhu, Chenyang Fan, Shixiong Sun, Jiatai Feng, Xueping Sun, Peng Wei, Jia Xu, Jian Peng, Xianyong Wu, Gang Jiang, Qing Li, Chun Fang, Jiantao Han

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Abstract

Due to climate variation and global warming, utilization of renewable energy becomes increasingly imperative. Rechargeable potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) have lately attracted much attention due to their earth-abundance and cost-effectiveness. Because soft carbon materials are cheap, abundant, and safe, extensive feasible research studies have indicated that they could become promising anode materials for PIBs. In spite of gaining achievements, fundamental questions regarding effects of the basic structure unit inside soft carbon on potassium storage potential have not been sufficiently addressed yet. Here, a series of soft carbon pyrolyzed from 900 to 2900 °C were systematically and quantitatively characterized by combining Raman spectroscopy, near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy, X-ray pair distribution function analysis, and advanced evaluation of wide-angle X-ray scattering data. All these characterizations reveal structural details of soft carbon with increasing pyrolysis temperature. Our results show that the potassium storage behavior, especially the potential plateau is closely correlated to non-uniformity in interlayer distance and defect concentration in soft carbon, which is further confirmed by reverse Monte Carlo (RMC) modeling and density functional theory calculation. On the basis of these results, optimizing strategies are discussed to design an advanced soft carbon anode. This work provides significant insights into the structure engineering of soft carbon for high-performance rechargeable PIBs.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	28261-28269
Number of pages	9
Journal	ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
Volume	13
Issue number	24
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.1c06303
State	Published - Jun 23 2021

Funding

This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (grant no. 2018YFB0905400), the Major Technological Innovation Project of Hubei Province (grant no. 2019AAA019), the Key Laboratory Open Progect of Guangdong Province (grant no. 2018B030322001), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant nos. 51772117, 51732005, and 11905081). The authors thank the Analytical and Testing Centre of HUST for material characterization. The authors also thank the BL12B beamline of the NSRL for providing precious beam time.

Funders	Funder number
Key Laboratory Open Progect of Guangdong Province	2018B030322001
National Natural Science Foundation of China	11905081, 51772117, 51732005
National Key Research and Development Program of China	2018YFB0905400
Hubei Technological Innovation Special Fund	2019AAA019

Keywords

local structure
pair distribution function
potassium-ion batteries
potential profile design
soft carbon

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1021/acsami.1c06303

Cite this

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title = "Local Structures of Soft Carbon and Electrochemical Performance of Potassium-Ion Batteries",

abstract = "Due to climate variation and global warming, utilization of renewable energy becomes increasingly imperative. Rechargeable potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) have lately attracted much attention due to their earth-abundance and cost-effectiveness. Because soft carbon materials are cheap, abundant, and safe, extensive feasible research studies have indicated that they could become promising anode materials for PIBs. In spite of gaining achievements, fundamental questions regarding effects of the basic structure unit inside soft carbon on potassium storage potential have not been sufficiently addressed yet. Here, a series of soft carbon pyrolyzed from 900 to 2900 °C were systematically and quantitatively characterized by combining Raman spectroscopy, near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy, X-ray pair distribution function analysis, and advanced evaluation of wide-angle X-ray scattering data. All these characterizations reveal structural details of soft carbon with increasing pyrolysis temperature. Our results show that the potassium storage behavior, especially the potential plateau is closely correlated to non-uniformity in interlayer distance and defect concentration in soft carbon, which is further confirmed by reverse Monte Carlo (RMC) modeling and density functional theory calculation. On the basis of these results, optimizing strategies are discussed to design an advanced soft carbon anode. This work provides significant insights into the structure engineering of soft carbon for high-performance rechargeable PIBs.",

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AU - Fan, Chenyang

AU - Sun, Shixiong

AU - Feng, Jiatai

AU - Sun, Xueping

AU - Wei, Peng

AU - Xu, Jia

AU - Peng, Jian

AU - Wu, Xianyong

AU - Jiang, Gang

AU - Li, Qing

AU - Fang, Chun

AU - Han, Jiantao

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AB - Due to climate variation and global warming, utilization of renewable energy becomes increasingly imperative. Rechargeable potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) have lately attracted much attention due to their earth-abundance and cost-effectiveness. Because soft carbon materials are cheap, abundant, and safe, extensive feasible research studies have indicated that they could become promising anode materials for PIBs. In spite of gaining achievements, fundamental questions regarding effects of the basic structure unit inside soft carbon on potassium storage potential have not been sufficiently addressed yet. Here, a series of soft carbon pyrolyzed from 900 to 2900 °C were systematically and quantitatively characterized by combining Raman spectroscopy, near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy, X-ray pair distribution function analysis, and advanced evaluation of wide-angle X-ray scattering data. All these characterizations reveal structural details of soft carbon with increasing pyrolysis temperature. Our results show that the potassium storage behavior, especially the potential plateau is closely correlated to non-uniformity in interlayer distance and defect concentration in soft carbon, which is further confirmed by reverse Monte Carlo (RMC) modeling and density functional theory calculation. On the basis of these results, optimizing strategies are discussed to design an advanced soft carbon anode. This work provides significant insights into the structure engineering of soft carbon for high-performance rechargeable PIBs.

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Local Structures of Soft Carbon and Electrochemical Performance of Potassium-Ion Batteries

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

UN SDGs

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