Linear and non-linear flow mode in Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=2.76 TeV

S. Acharya, D. Adamová, J. Adolfsson, M. M. Aggarwal, G. Aglieri Rinella, M. Agnello, N. Agrawal, Z. Ahammed, N. Ahmad, S. U. Ahn, S. Aiola, A. Akindinov, S. N. Alam, J. L.B. Alba, D. S.D. Albuquerque, D. Aleksandrov, B. Alessandro, R. Alfaro Molina, A. Alici, A. AlkinJ. Alme, T. Alt, L. Altenkamper, I. Altsybeev, C. Alves Garcia Prado, M. An, C. Andrei, D. Andreou, H. A. Andrews, A. Andronic, V. Anguelov, C. Anson, T. Antičić, F. Antinori, P. Antonioli, R. Anwar, L. Aphecetche, H. Appelshäuser, S. Arcelli, R. Arnaldi, O. W. Arnold, I. C. Arsene, M. Arslandok, B. Audurier, A. Augustinus, R. Averbeck, M. D. Azmi, A. Badalà, Y. W. Baek, S. Bagnasco, R. Bailhache, R. Bala, A. Baldisseri, M. Ball, R. C. Baral, A. M. Barbano, R. Barbera, F. Barile, L. Barioglio, G. G. Barnaföldi, L. S. Barnby, V. Barret, P. Bartalini, K. Barth, E. Bartsch, M. Basile, N. Bastid, S. Basu, B. Bathen, G. Batigne, A. Batista Camejo, B. Batyunya, P. C. Batzing, I. G. Bearden, H. Beck, C. Bedda, N. K. Behera, I. 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Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

64 Scopus citations

Abstract

The second and the third order anisotropic flow, V2 and V3, are mostly determined by the corresponding initial spatial anisotropy coefficients, ε2 and ε3, in the initial density distribution. In addition to their dependence on the same order initial anisotropy coefficient, higher order anisotropic flow, Vn (n>3), can also have a significant contribution from lower order initial anisotropy coefficients, which leads to mode-coupling effects. In this Letter we investigate the linear and non-linear modes in higher order anisotropic flow Vn for n=4, 5, 6 with the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The measurements are done for particles in the pseudorapidity range |η|<0.8 and the transverse momentum range 0.2<pT<5.0 GeV/c as a function of collision centrality. The results are compared with theoretical calculations and provide important constraints on the initial conditions, including initial spatial geometry and its fluctuations, as well as the ratio of the shear viscosity to entropy density of the produced system.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)68-80
Number of pages13
JournalPhysics Letters B
Volume773
DOIs
StatePublished - Oct 10 2017

Funding

The ALICE Collaboration would like to thank all its engineers and technicians for their invaluable contributions to the construction of the experiment and the CERN accelerator teams for the outstanding performance of the LHC complex. The ALICE Collaboration gratefully acknowledges the resources and support provided by all Grid centres and the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid (WLCG) collaboration . The ALICE Collaboration acknowledges the following funding agencies for their support in building and running the ALICE detector: A. I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute) Foundation (ANSL) , State Committee of Science and World Federation of Scientists (WFS), Armenia; Austrian Academy of Sciences and Österreichische Nationalstiftung für Forschung, Technologie und Entwicklung , Austria; Ministry of Communications and High Technologies , National Nuclear Research Center , Azerbaijan; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (Finep) and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP), Brazil; Ministry of Science & Technology of China (MSTC), National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) and Ministry of Education of China (MOEC), China; Ministry of Science, Education and Sports and Croatian Science Foundation , Croatia; Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic, Czech Republic; The Danish Council for Independent Research — Natural Sciences , the Carlsberg Foundation and Danish National Research Foundation (DNRF), Denmark; Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP), Finland; Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique ( CEA ) and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules (IN2P3) and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), France; Bundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft, Forschung und Technologie ( BMBF ) and GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH , Germany; General Secretariat for Research and Technology , Ministry of Education, Research and Religions , Greece; National Research, Development and Innovation Office , Hungary; Department of Atomic Energy, Government of India (DAE) and Council of Scientific and Industrial Research ( CSIR ), New Delhi, India; Indonesian Institute of Science , Indonesia; Centro Fermi - Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare ( INFN ), Italy; Institute for Innovative Science and Technology, Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science (IIST), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI and Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology ( MEXT ), Japan; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT), through Fondo de Cooperatión Internacional en Ciencia y Tecnología (FONCICYT) and Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico (DGAPA), Mexico; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), Netherlands; The Research Council of Norway , Norway; Commission on Science and Technology for Sustainable Development in the South (COMSATS), Pakistan; Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú , Peru; Ministry of Science and Higher Education and National Science Centre, Poland ; Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information and National Research Foundation of Korea ( NRF ), Republic of Korea; Ministry of Education and Scientific Research , Institute of Atomic Physics and Romanian National Agency for Science, Technology and Innovation , Romania; Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation and National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute , Russia; Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic , Slovakia; National Research Foundation of South Africa, South Africa; Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear (CEADEN), Cubaenergía , Cuba; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Spain; Swedish Research Council (VR) and Knut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW), Sweden; European Organization for Nuclear Research , Switzerland; National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSDTA), Suranaree University of Technology (SUT) and Office of the Higher Education Commission under NRU project of Thailand , Thailand; Turkish Atomic Energy Agency ( TAEK ), Turkey; National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine , Ukraine; Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), United Kingdom; National Science Foundation of the United States of America (NSF) and United States Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics (DOE NP), United States of America.

FundersFunder number
Not addedST/P004598/1, 1796881, 1843572
Austrian Academy of Sciences and Österreichische Nationalstiftung für Forschung, Technologie und Entwicklung
Centro Fermi - Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
General Secretariat for Research and Technology , Ministry of Education, Research and Religions
Helsinki Institute of Physics
Indonesian Institute of Science , Indonesia
Institute of Atomic Physics and Romanian National Agency for Science, Technology and Innovation , Romania
Ministry of Communications and High Technologies
Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport
Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic, Czech Republic
Ministry of Science, Education and Sports and Croatian Science Foundation
NRU
National Nuclear Research Center
State Committee of Science and World Federation
Turkish Atomic Energy Agency
Yerevan Physics Institute
U.S. Department of Energy
Nuclear Physics
Türkiye Atom Enerjisi Kurumu
Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research
CERN
Office of the Higher Education Commission
Institute for Innovative Science and Technology, Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science
Science and Technology Facilities CouncilST/P005438/1, ST/M001601/1, 2017 STFC Nuclear Physics CG, ST/L005670/1, 2014 STFC Nuclear Physics CG, ST/N00261X/1, 1657698, ALICE, ST/M00340X/1, ST/L005751/1, ST/J000108/1, ST/M00158X/1, ST/M001598/1
National Research Foundation
Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India
Department of Atomic Energy, Government of India
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science15H03664, 17H01122
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
Danmarks Grundforskningsfond
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China
Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
Carlsbergfondet
Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China
Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information
National Research Foundation of Korea
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse
National Science and Technology Development Agency
Narodowe Centrum Nauki
Suranaree University of Technology
Vetenskapsrådet
Ministerstwo Edukacji i Nauki
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos
Danmarks Frie Forskningsfond
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
Norges Forskningsråd
Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives
Fondo de Cooperación Internacional en Ciencia y Tecnología
Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas
GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung
Nemzeti Kutatási Fejlesztési és Innovációs Hivatal
Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules
National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute"
Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear
Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology

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