Irradiation-free, columnar defects comprised of self-assembled nanodots and nanorods resulting in strongly enhanced flux-pinning in YBa 2Cu3O7-δ films

A. Goyal, S. Kang, K. J. Leonard, P. M. Martin, A. A. Gapud, M. Varela, M. Paranthaman, A. O. Ijaduola, E. D. Specht, J. R. Thompson, D. K. Christen, S. J. Pennycook, F. A. List

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

445 Scopus citations

Abstract

The development of biaxially textured, second-generation, high-temperature superconducting (HTS) wires is expected to enable most large-scale applications of HTS materials, in particular electric-power applications. For many potential applications, high critical currents in applied magnetic fields are required. It is well known that columnar defects generated by irradiating high-temperature superconducting materials with heavy ions significantly enhance the in-field critical current density. Hence, for over a decade scientists world-wide have sought means to produce such columnar defects in HTS materials without the expense and complexity of ionizing radiation. Using a simple and practically scalable technique, we have succeeded in producing long, nearly continuous vortex pins along the c-axis in YBa2Cu 3O7-δ (YBCO), in the form of self-assembled stacks of BaZrO3 (BZO) nanodots and nanorods. The nanodots and nanorods have a diameter of ∼2-3 nm and an areal density ('matching field') of 8-10 T for 2 vol.% incorporation of BaZrO3. In addition, four misfit dislocations around each nanodot or nanorod are aligned and act as extended columnar defects. YBCO films with such defects exhibit significantly enhanced pinning with less sensitivity to magnetic fields H. In particular, at intermediate field values, the current density, Jc, varies as J c∼H, with α∼0.3 rather than the usual values 0.5-0.65. Similar results were also obtained for CaZrO3 (CZO) and YSZ incorporation in the form of nanodots and nanorods within YBCO, indicating the broad applicability of the developed process. The process could also be used to incorporate self-assembled nanodots and nanorods within matrices of other materials for different applications, such as magnetic materials.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1533-1538
Number of pages6
JournalSuperconductor Science and Technology
Volume18
Issue number11
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 1 2005

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Irradiation-free, columnar defects comprised of self-assembled nanodots and nanorods resulting in strongly enhanced flux-pinning in YBa 2Cu3O7-δ films'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this