Interpretable and Efficient Interferometric Contrast in Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy with a Diffraction-Grating Beam Splitter

Tyler R. Harvey; Fehmi S. Yasin; Jordan J. Chess; Jordan S. Pierce; Roberto M.S. Dos Reis; Vasfi Burak Özdöl; Peter Ercius; Jim Ciston; Wenchun Feng; Nicholas A. Kotov; Benjamin J. McMorran; Colin Ophus

doi:10.1103/PhysRevApplied.10.061001

Interpretable and Efficient Interferometric Contrast in Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy with a Diffraction-Grating Beam Splitter

Tyler R. Harvey, Fehmi S. Yasin, Jordan J. Chess, Jordan S. Pierce, Roberto M.S. Dos Reis, Vasfi Burak Özdöl, Peter Ercius, Jim Ciston, Wenchun Feng, Nicholas A. Kotov, Benjamin J. McMorran, Colin Ophus

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

18 Scopus citations

Abstract

Efficient imaging of biomolecules, two-dimensional materials, and electromagnetic fields depends on retrieval of the phase of transmitted electrons. We demonstrate a method to measure phase in a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) using a nanofabricated diffraction grating to produce multiple probe beams. The measured phase is more interpretable than phase-contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy techniques without an off-axis reference wave, and the resolution could surpass that of off-axis electron holography. We apply this technique, called STEM holography, to image nanoparticles, carbon substrates, and electric fields. The contrast observed in experiments agrees well with contrast predicted in simulations.

Original language	English
Article number	061001
Journal	Physical Review Applied
Volume	10
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.10.061001
State	Published - Dec 26 2018
Externally published	Yes

Funding

We appreciate useful discussions with Hao Yang. T.R.H. performed work at the Molecular Foundry with support from the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Workforce Development for Teachers and Scientists, Office of Science Graduate Student Research (SCGSR) program. The SCGSR program is administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education for the DOE under contract number DESC0014664. Work at the Molecular Foundry was also supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. F.S.Y. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program under Grant No. 1309047. T.R.H., F.S.Y., J.J.C., J.S.P., and B.J.M. acknowledge support from the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, under Award DE-SC0010466. R.M.S.dR., J.C., and C.O. acknowledge support from the U.S. Department of Energy Early Career Research Program. W.F. and N.A.K. acknowledge funding from the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 1463474. We thank the NVIDIA Corporation for donation of GPU resources.

Funders	Funder number
Office of Science Graduate Student Research
SCGSR
National Science Foundation	1309047
U.S. Department of Energy	DESC0014664
Office of Science
Basic Energy Sciences	DE-SC0010466, DE-AC02-05CH11231, 1463474
Workforce Development for Teachers and Scientists
Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education

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10.1103/PhysRevApplied.10.061001

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Harvey, T. R., Yasin, F. S., Chess, J. J., Pierce, J. S., Dos Reis, R. M. S., Özdöl, V. B., Ercius, P., Ciston, J., Feng, W., Kotov, N. A., McMorran, B. J., & Ophus, C. (2018). Interpretable and Efficient Interferometric Contrast in Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy with a Diffraction-Grating Beam Splitter. Physical Review Applied, 10(6), Article 061001. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.10.061001

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title = "Interpretable and Efficient Interferometric Contrast in Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy with a Diffraction-Grating Beam Splitter",

abstract = "Efficient imaging of biomolecules, two-dimensional materials, and electromagnetic fields depends on retrieval of the phase of transmitted electrons. We demonstrate a method to measure phase in a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) using a nanofabricated diffraction grating to produce multiple probe beams. The measured phase is more interpretable than phase-contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy techniques without an off-axis reference wave, and the resolution could surpass that of off-axis electron holography. We apply this technique, called STEM holography, to image nanoparticles, carbon substrates, and electric fields. The contrast observed in experiments agrees well with contrast predicted in simulations.",

author = "Harvey, {Tyler R.} and Yasin, {Fehmi S.} and Chess, {Jordan J.} and Pierce, {Jordan S.} and {Dos Reis}, {Roberto M.S.} and {\"O}zd{\"o}l, {Vasfi Burak} and Peter Ercius and Jim Ciston and Wenchun Feng and Kotov, {Nicholas A.} and McMorran, {Benjamin J.} and Colin Ophus",

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doi = "10.1103/PhysRevApplied.10.061001",

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Harvey, TR, Yasin, FS, Chess, JJ, Pierce, JS, Dos Reis, RMS, Özdöl, VB, Ercius, P, Ciston, J, Feng, W, Kotov, NA, McMorran, BJ & Ophus, C 2018, 'Interpretable and Efficient Interferometric Contrast in Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy with a Diffraction-Grating Beam Splitter', Physical Review Applied, vol. 10, no. 6, 061001. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.10.061001

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AU - Harvey, Tyler R.

AU - Yasin, Fehmi S.

AU - Chess, Jordan J.

AU - Pierce, Jordan S.

AU - Dos Reis, Roberto M.S.

AU - Özdöl, Vasfi Burak

AU - Ercius, Peter

AU - Ciston, Jim

AU - Feng, Wenchun

AU - Kotov, Nicholas A.

AU - McMorran, Benjamin J.

AU - Ophus, Colin

PY - 2018/12/26

Y1 - 2018/12/26

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AB - Efficient imaging of biomolecules, two-dimensional materials, and electromagnetic fields depends on retrieval of the phase of transmitted electrons. We demonstrate a method to measure phase in a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) using a nanofabricated diffraction grating to produce multiple probe beams. The measured phase is more interpretable than phase-contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy techniques without an off-axis reference wave, and the resolution could surpass that of off-axis electron holography. We apply this technique, called STEM holography, to image nanoparticles, carbon substrates, and electric fields. The contrast observed in experiments agrees well with contrast predicted in simulations.

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Interpretable and Efficient Interferometric Contrast in Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy with a Diffraction-Grating Beam Splitter

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