In-Plane Magnetic Field-Driven Creation and Annihilation of Magnetic Skyrmion Strings in Nanostructures

Nitish Mathur; Fehmi S. Yasin; Matthew J. Stolt; Takuro Nagai; Koji Kimoto; Haifeng Du; Mingliang Tian; Yoshinori Tokura; Xiuzhen Yu; Song Jin

doi:10.1002/adfm.202008521

In-Plane Magnetic Field-Driven Creation and Annihilation of Magnetic Skyrmion Strings in Nanostructures

Nitish Mathur, Fehmi S. Yasin, Matthew J. Stolt, Takuro Nagai, Koji Kimoto, Haifeng Du, Mingliang Tian, Yoshinori Tokura, Xiuzhen Yu, Song Jin

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

19 Scopus citations

Abstract

In bulk chiral crystals, 3D structures of magnetic skyrmions form topologically protected skyrmion strings (SkS) that have shown potential as magnonic nano-waveguides for information transfer. Although SkS stability is expected to be enhanced in nanostructures of skyrmion-hosting materials, experimental observation and detection of SkS in nanostructures under an applied in-plane magnetic field is difficult. Here, temperature-dependent magnetic field-driven creation and annihilation of SkS in B20 FeGe nanostructures (nanowires and nanoplates) under in-plane magnetic field (H_||) are shown and the mechanisms behind these transformations are explained. Unusual asymmetric and hysteretic magnetoresistance (MR) features are observed but previously unexplained during magnetic phase transitions within the SkS stability regime when H_|| is along the nanostructure's long edge, which increase the sensitivity of MR detection. Lorentz transmission electron microscopy of the SkS and other magnetic textures under H_|| in corroboration with the analysis of the anisotropic MR responses elucidates the field-driven creation and annihilation processes of SkS responsible for such hysteretic MR features and reveals an unexplored stability regime in nanostructures.

Original language	English
Article number	2008521
Journal	Advanced Functional Materials
Volume	31
Issue number	13
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202008521
State	Published - Mar 24 2021
Externally published	Yes

Funding

N.M. and F.S.Y. contributed equally to this work. This research was supported by NSF grant ECCS‐1609585. M.J.S. also acknowledges support from the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program (DGE‐1256259) and the NSF EAPSI fellowship to conduct visiting research. X.Z.Y. acknowledges the support of Grants‐In‐Aid for Scientific Research (A) (Grant No. 19H00660) from JSPS. Y.T. acknowledges the support of JST CREST program (Grant Number JPMJCR1874). The magnetic imaging in this work was also supported by NIMS microstructural characterization platform as a program of “Nanotechnology Platform” of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan, Grant Number JPMXP09A19NM0138.

Funders	Funder number
National Science Foundation	DGE‐1256259, 19H00660, ECCS‐1609585
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology	JPMXP09A19NM0138
Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology	JPMJCR1874
National Institute for Materials Science

Keywords

FeGe nanostructures
Lorentz transmission electron microscopy
magnetic skyrmion strings
magnetotransport
spintronics

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10.1002/adfm.202008521

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title = "In-Plane Magnetic Field-Driven Creation and Annihilation of Magnetic Skyrmion Strings in Nanostructures",

abstract = "In bulk chiral crystals, 3D structures of magnetic skyrmions form topologically protected skyrmion strings (SkS) that have shown potential as magnonic nano-waveguides for information transfer. Although SkS stability is expected to be enhanced in nanostructures of skyrmion-hosting materials, experimental observation and detection of SkS in nanostructures under an applied in-plane magnetic field is difficult. Here, temperature-dependent magnetic field-driven creation and annihilation of SkS in B20 FeGe nanostructures (nanowires and nanoplates) under in-plane magnetic field (H||) are shown and the mechanisms behind these transformations are explained. Unusual asymmetric and hysteretic magnetoresistance (MR) features are observed but previously unexplained during magnetic phase transitions within the SkS stability regime when H|| is along the nanostructure's long edge, which increase the sensitivity of MR detection. Lorentz transmission electron microscopy of the SkS and other magnetic textures under H|| in corroboration with the analysis of the anisotropic MR responses elucidates the field-driven creation and annihilation processes of SkS responsible for such hysteretic MR features and reveals an unexplored stability regime in nanostructures.",

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author = "Nitish Mathur and Yasin, {Fehmi S.} and Stolt, {Matthew J.} and Takuro Nagai and Koji Kimoto and Haifeng Du and Mingliang Tian and Yoshinori Tokura and Xiuzhen Yu and Song Jin",

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AU - Mathur, Nitish

AU - Yasin, Fehmi S.

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AU - Nagai, Takuro

AU - Kimoto, Koji

AU - Du, Haifeng

AU - Tian, Mingliang

AU - Tokura, Yoshinori

AU - Yu, Xiuzhen

AU - Jin, Song

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N2 - In bulk chiral crystals, 3D structures of magnetic skyrmions form topologically protected skyrmion strings (SkS) that have shown potential as magnonic nano-waveguides for information transfer. Although SkS stability is expected to be enhanced in nanostructures of skyrmion-hosting materials, experimental observation and detection of SkS in nanostructures under an applied in-plane magnetic field is difficult. Here, temperature-dependent magnetic field-driven creation and annihilation of SkS in B20 FeGe nanostructures (nanowires and nanoplates) under in-plane magnetic field (H||) are shown and the mechanisms behind these transformations are explained. Unusual asymmetric and hysteretic magnetoresistance (MR) features are observed but previously unexplained during magnetic phase transitions within the SkS stability regime when H|| is along the nanostructure's long edge, which increase the sensitivity of MR detection. Lorentz transmission electron microscopy of the SkS and other magnetic textures under H|| in corroboration with the analysis of the anisotropic MR responses elucidates the field-driven creation and annihilation processes of SkS responsible for such hysteretic MR features and reveals an unexplored stability regime in nanostructures.

AB - In bulk chiral crystals, 3D structures of magnetic skyrmions form topologically protected skyrmion strings (SkS) that have shown potential as magnonic nano-waveguides for information transfer. Although SkS stability is expected to be enhanced in nanostructures of skyrmion-hosting materials, experimental observation and detection of SkS in nanostructures under an applied in-plane magnetic field is difficult. Here, temperature-dependent magnetic field-driven creation and annihilation of SkS in B20 FeGe nanostructures (nanowires and nanoplates) under in-plane magnetic field (H||) are shown and the mechanisms behind these transformations are explained. Unusual asymmetric and hysteretic magnetoresistance (MR) features are observed but previously unexplained during magnetic phase transitions within the SkS stability regime when H|| is along the nanostructure's long edge, which increase the sensitivity of MR detection. Lorentz transmission electron microscopy of the SkS and other magnetic textures under H|| in corroboration with the analysis of the anisotropic MR responses elucidates the field-driven creation and annihilation processes of SkS responsible for such hysteretic MR features and reveals an unexplored stability regime in nanostructures.

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In-Plane Magnetic Field-Driven Creation and Annihilation of Magnetic Skyrmion Strings in Nanostructures

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