Improving mechanical properties of carbon and tool steels via chromizing

Tomas Grejtak; Jun Qu

doi:10.1080/17436753.2023.2238987

Improving mechanical properties of carbon and tool steels via chromizing

Tomas Grejtak, Jun Qu

Surface Engineering and Tribology

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

3 Scopus citations

Abstract

Steels are commonly used in high-performance demanding applications due to their favourable mechanical properties. Various surface engineering techniques have been developed for steels, among which chromizing is an affordable high-throughput case-hardenig process for improved surface hardness and wear resistance while retaining the substrate ductility and toughness. In this work, tribological testing along with nano- and micro-indentation and morphological and composional characterisation were used to understand the effects of the chromizing process on the AISI 1095 carbon steel, 52100 bearing steel and A2, D2 and M2 tool steels. The results of this study demonstrate that the chromizing treatment of low-cost 1095 and 52100 steels significantly improves their wear and hardness properties to a level comparable to the more costly tool steels. While chromizing also increased the hardness of the tool steels, it had little improvement on the wear resistance for the D2 and M2 tool steels.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	215-225
Number of pages	11
Journal	Advances in Applied Ceramics
Volume	122
Issue number	3-4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1080/17436753.2023.2238987
State	Published - 2023

Funding

The authors would like to thank Jim Keiser from Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oyelayo O. Ajayi and George Fenske from Argonne National Laboratory for their thoughtful comments and insight, Briar Faulkner from Applied Thermal Coatings for conducting chromizing of the steel samples, and Brain Long and Caitlin Duggan from ORNL for sectioning and polishing the samples for morphological and nanoindentation studies. This research was sponsored by the Feedstock Conversion Interface Consortium (FCIC) of the Bioenergy Technologies Office, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, United States Department of Energy (DOE). This work was supported by Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy: [Grant Number]. The authors would like to thank Jim Keiser from Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oyelayo O. Ajayi and George Fenske from Argonne National Laboratory for their thoughtful comments and insight, Briar Faulkner from Applied Thermal Coatings for conducting chromizing of the steel samples, and Brain Long and Caitlin Duggan from ORNL for sectioning and polishing the samples for morphological and nanoindentation studies. This research was sponsored by the Feedstock Conversion Interface Consortium (FCIC) of the Bioenergy Technologies Office, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, United States Department of Energy (DOE).

Funders	Funder number
Feedstock Conversion Interface Consortium
U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
Argonne National Laboratory
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Bioenergy Technologies Office

Keywords

Case chromizing
abrasive wear
nanoindentation
steel

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10.1080/17436753.2023.2238987

Cite this

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title = "Improving mechanical properties of carbon and tool steels via chromizing",

abstract = "Steels are commonly used in high-performance demanding applications due to their favourable mechanical properties. Various surface engineering techniques have been developed for steels, among which chromizing is an affordable high-throughput case-hardenig process for improved surface hardness and wear resistance while retaining the substrate ductility and toughness. In this work, tribological testing along with nano- and micro-indentation and morphological and composional characterisation were used to understand the effects of the chromizing process on the AISI 1095 carbon steel, 52100 bearing steel and A2, D2 and M2 tool steels. The results of this study demonstrate that the chromizing treatment of low-cost 1095 and 52100 steels significantly improves their wear and hardness properties to a level comparable to the more costly tool steels. While chromizing also increased the hardness of the tool steels, it had little improvement on the wear resistance for the D2 and M2 tool steels.",

keywords = "Case chromizing, abrasive wear, nanoindentation, steel",

author = "Tomas Grejtak and Jun Qu",

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PY - 2023

Y1 - 2023

N2 - Steels are commonly used in high-performance demanding applications due to their favourable mechanical properties. Various surface engineering techniques have been developed for steels, among which chromizing is an affordable high-throughput case-hardenig process for improved surface hardness and wear resistance while retaining the substrate ductility and toughness. In this work, tribological testing along with nano- and micro-indentation and morphological and composional characterisation were used to understand the effects of the chromizing process on the AISI 1095 carbon steel, 52100 bearing steel and A2, D2 and M2 tool steels. The results of this study demonstrate that the chromizing treatment of low-cost 1095 and 52100 steels significantly improves their wear and hardness properties to a level comparable to the more costly tool steels. While chromizing also increased the hardness of the tool steels, it had little improvement on the wear resistance for the D2 and M2 tool steels.

AB - Steels are commonly used in high-performance demanding applications due to their favourable mechanical properties. Various surface engineering techniques have been developed for steels, among which chromizing is an affordable high-throughput case-hardenig process for improved surface hardness and wear resistance while retaining the substrate ductility and toughness. In this work, tribological testing along with nano- and micro-indentation and morphological and composional characterisation were used to understand the effects of the chromizing process on the AISI 1095 carbon steel, 52100 bearing steel and A2, D2 and M2 tool steels. The results of this study demonstrate that the chromizing treatment of low-cost 1095 and 52100 steels significantly improves their wear and hardness properties to a level comparable to the more costly tool steels. While chromizing also increased the hardness of the tool steels, it had little improvement on the wear resistance for the D2 and M2 tool steels.

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Improving mechanical properties of carbon and tool steels via chromizing

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Keywords

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