Improving constraints on gluon spin-momentum correlations in transversely polarized protons via midrapidity open-heavy-flavor electrons in p ↑+p collisions at s =200 GeV

PHENIX Collaboration

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.107.052012

Improving constraints on gluon spin-momentum correlations in transversely polarized protons via midrapidity open-heavy-flavor electrons in p ↑+p collisions at s =200 GeV

PHENIX Collaboration

Relativistic Nuclear Physics

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2 Scopus citations

Abstract

Polarized proton-proton collisions provide leading-order access to gluons, presenting an opportunity to constrain gluon spin-momentum correlations within transversely polarized protons and enhance our understanding of the three-dimensional structure of the proton. Midrapidity open-heavy-flavor production at s=200 GeV is dominated by gluon-gluon fusion, providing heightened sensitivity to gluon dynamics relative to other production channels. Transverse single-spin asymmetries of positrons and electrons from heavy-flavor hadron decays are measured at midrapidity using the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. These charge-separated measurements are sensitive to gluon correlators that can in principle be related to gluon orbital angular momentum via model calculations. Explicit constraints on gluon correlators are extracted for two separate models, one of which had not been constrained previously.

Original language	English
Article number	052012
Journal	Physical Review D
Volume	107
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.107.052012
State	Published - Mar 1 2023

Funding

We thank the staff of the Collider-Accelerator and Physics Departments at Brookhaven National Laboratory and the staff of the other PHENIX participating institutions for their vital contributions. We also thank Z. Kang and S. Yoshida for providing calculations corresponding to the models introduced in Refs. . We acknowledge support from the Office of Nuclear Physics in the Office of Science of the Department of Energy, the National Science Foundation, Abilene Christian University Research Council, Research Foundation of SUNY, and Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences, Vanderbilt University (USA), Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Japan), Natural Science Foundation of China (People\u2019s Republic of China), Croatian Science Foundation and Ministry of Science and Education (Croatia), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat \u00E0 l\u2019\u00C9nergie Atomique, and Institut National de Physique Nucl\u00E9aire et de Physique des Particules (France), J. Bolyai Research Scholarship, EFOP, the New National Excellence Program (\u00DANKP), NKFIH, and OTKA (Hungary), Department of Atomic Energy and Department of Science and Technology (India), Israel Science Foundation (Israel), Basic Science Research and SRC (CENuM) Programs through NRF funded by the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Science and ICT (Korea). Ministry of Education and Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Agency of Atomic Energy (Russia), VR and Wallenberg Foundation (Sweden), University of Zambia, the Government of the Republic of Zambia (Zambia), the U.S. Civilian Research and Development Foundation for the Independent States of the Former Soviet Union, the Hungarian American Enterprise Scholarship Fund, the US-Hungarian Fulbright Foundation, and the US-Israel Binational Science Foundation.

Funders	Funder number
Ministry of Education
Basic Science Research
Ministry of Education and Science
Semiconductor Research Corporation
Federal Agency of Atomic Energy of the Russian Federation
National Research Foundation of Korea
National Science Foundation
Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique
Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning
CRDF Global
Government of the Republic of Zambia
University of Zambia
Wallenberg Foundation
Russian Academy of Sciences
Haridus- ja Teadusministeerium
Abilene Christian University Research Council
Nemzeti Kutatási Fejlesztési és Innovációs Hivatal
United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation
U.S. Department of Energy
US-Hungarian Fulbright Foundation
CENuM
Research Foundation of SUNY
Department of Atomic Energy and Department of Science and Technology (India), Israel Science Foundation
College of Arts and Sciences, Boston University
Hungarian Scientific Research Fund
Hungarian-American Enterprise Scholarship Fund
Nuclear Physics
Ministerstvo Školství, Mládeže a Tělovýchovy
Vetenskapsrådet
Hrvatska Zaklada za Znanost
Vanderbilt University
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science	21H04462
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

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10.1103/PhysRevD.107.052012

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title = "Improving constraints on gluon spin-momentum correlations in transversely polarized protons via midrapidity open-heavy-flavor electrons in p ↑+p collisions at s =200 GeV",

abstract = "Polarized proton-proton collisions provide leading-order access to gluons, presenting an opportunity to constrain gluon spin-momentum correlations within transversely polarized protons and enhance our understanding of the three-dimensional structure of the proton. Midrapidity open-heavy-flavor production at s=200 GeV is dominated by gluon-gluon fusion, providing heightened sensitivity to gluon dynamics relative to other production channels. Transverse single-spin asymmetries of positrons and electrons from heavy-flavor hadron decays are measured at midrapidity using the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. These charge-separated measurements are sensitive to gluon correlators that can in principle be related to gluon orbital angular momentum via model calculations. Explicit constraints on gluon correlators are extracted for two separate models, one of which had not been constrained previously.",

author = "{PHENIX Collaboration} and Abdulameer, {N. J.} and U. Acharya and C. Aidala and Y. Akiba and M. Alfred and V. Andrieux and N. Apadula and H. Asano and B. Azmoun and V. Babintsev and Bandara, {N. S.} and Barish, {K. N.} and S. Bathe and A. Bazilevsky and M. Beaumier and R. Belmont and A. Berdnikov and Y. Berdnikov and L. Bichon and B. Blankenship and Blau, {D. S.} and Bok, {J. S.} and V. Borisov and Brooks, {M. L.} and J. Bryslawskyj and V. Bumazhnov and S. Campbell and {Canoa Roman}, V. and R. Cervantes and M. Chiu and Chi, {C. Y.} and Choi, {I. J.} and Choi, {J. B.} and Z. Citron and M. Connors and R. Corliss and {Corrales Morales}, Y. and N. Cronin and M. Csan{\'a}d and T. Cs{\"o}rgo and Danley, {T. W.} and Daugherity, {M. S.} and G. David and Dean, {C. T.} and K. Deblasio and K. Dehmelt and A. Denisov and A. Deshpande and Lajoie, {J. G.} and Read, {K. F.}",

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AU - PHENIX Collaboration

AU - Abdulameer, N. J.

AU - Acharya, U.

AU - Aidala, C.

AU - Akiba, Y.

AU - Alfred, M.

AU - Andrieux, V.

AU - Apadula, N.

AU - Asano, H.

AU - Azmoun, B.

AU - Babintsev, V.

AU - Bandara, N. S.

AU - Barish, K. N.

AU - Bathe, S.

AU - Bazilevsky, A.

AU - Beaumier, M.

AU - Belmont, R.

AU - Berdnikov, A.

AU - Berdnikov, Y.

AU - Bichon, L.

AU - Blankenship, B.

AU - Blau, D. S.

AU - Bok, J. S.

AU - Borisov, V.

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AU - Bryslawskyj, J.

AU - Bumazhnov, V.

AU - Campbell, S.

AU - Canoa Roman, V.

AU - Cervantes, R.

AU - Chiu, M.

AU - Chi, C. Y.

AU - Choi, I. J.

AU - Choi, J. B.

AU - Citron, Z.

AU - Connors, M.

AU - Corliss, R.

AU - Corrales Morales, Y.

AU - Cronin, N.

AU - Csanád, M.

AU - Csörgo, T.

AU - Danley, T. W.

AU - Daugherity, M. S.

AU - David, G.

AU - Dean, C. T.

AU - Deblasio, K.

AU - Dehmelt, K.

AU - Denisov, A.

AU - Deshpande, A.

AU - Lajoie, J. G.

AU - Read, K. F.

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2023 authors. Published by the American Physical Society. Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3.

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Y1 - 2023/3/1

N2 - Polarized proton-proton collisions provide leading-order access to gluons, presenting an opportunity to constrain gluon spin-momentum correlations within transversely polarized protons and enhance our understanding of the three-dimensional structure of the proton. Midrapidity open-heavy-flavor production at s=200 GeV is dominated by gluon-gluon fusion, providing heightened sensitivity to gluon dynamics relative to other production channels. Transverse single-spin asymmetries of positrons and electrons from heavy-flavor hadron decays are measured at midrapidity using the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. These charge-separated measurements are sensitive to gluon correlators that can in principle be related to gluon orbital angular momentum via model calculations. Explicit constraints on gluon correlators are extracted for two separate models, one of which had not been constrained previously.

AB - Polarized proton-proton collisions provide leading-order access to gluons, presenting an opportunity to constrain gluon spin-momentum correlations within transversely polarized protons and enhance our understanding of the three-dimensional structure of the proton. Midrapidity open-heavy-flavor production at s=200 GeV is dominated by gluon-gluon fusion, providing heightened sensitivity to gluon dynamics relative to other production channels. Transverse single-spin asymmetries of positrons and electrons from heavy-flavor hadron decays are measured at midrapidity using the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. These charge-separated measurements are sensitive to gluon correlators that can in principle be related to gluon orbital angular momentum via model calculations. Explicit constraints on gluon correlators are extracted for two separate models, one of which had not been constrained previously.

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Improving constraints on gluon spin-momentum correlations in transversely polarized protons via midrapidity open-heavy-flavor electrons in p ↑+p collisions at s =200 GeV

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