Impact of charge-density-wave pattern on the superconducting gap in Vanadium-based kagome superconductors

Takuya Nagashima; Kota Ishihara; Youichi Yamakawa; Fan Chen; Kumpei Imamura; Masaki Roppongi; Romain Grasset; Marcin Konczykowski; Brenden R. Ortiz; Andrea Capa Salinas; Stephen D. Wilson; Rina Tazai; Hiroshi Kontani; Kenichiro Hashimoto; Takasada Shibauchi

doi:10.1038/s42005-025-02225-8

Impact of charge-density-wave pattern on the superconducting gap in Vanadium-based kagome superconductors

Takuya Nagashima
, Kota Ishihara
, Youichi Yamakawa
, Fan Chen
, Kumpei Imamura
, Masaki Roppongi
, Romain Grasset
, Marcin Konczykowski
, Brenden R. Ortiz
, Andrea Capa Salinas
, Stephen D. Wilson
, Rina Tazai
, Hiroshi Kontani
, Kenichiro Hashimoto
, Takasada Shibauchi

Correlated Electron Materials

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Kagome metals AV₃Sb₅ (A = K, Rb, Cs) provide a compelling platform to explore the interplay between superconductivity (SC) and charge-density-wave (CDW) orders. While distinct CDW orders have been identified in K/RbV₃Sb₅ versus CsV₃Sb₅, their influence on the SC order parameter remains unresolved. Here, we investigate low-energy quasiparticle excitations in AV₃Sb₅, uncovering a striking difference in SC gap anisotropy: K/RbV₃Sb₅ exhibit fully gapped, nearly isotropic s-wave states, in contrast to the strongly anisotropic SC gap in CsV₃Sb₅. Impurity scattering introduced via electron irradiation in K/RbV₃Sb₅ has a minimal impact on low-energy excitations, and it induces an increase in the SC transition temperature T_c, consistent with more isotropic s-wave SC competing with CDW order. Our theoretical analysis attributes the observed SC gap anisotropy differences to distinct CDW modulation patterns: the star-of-David structure unique to CsV₃Sb₅ preserves van Hove singularities near the Fermi level, promoting anisotropic s-wave SC with enhanced T_c via bond-order fluctuations. These findings establish a systematic framework for understanding the interplay between SC and CDW orders in AV₃Sb₅, driven by electron correlations.

Original language	English
Article number	303
Journal	Communications Physics
Volume	8
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-025-02225-8
State	Published - Dec 2025

Funding

This work was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI) (Nos. JP24K17007, JP24H01646, JP23H00089, JP22H00105), and Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research for Transformative Research Areas (A) “Correlation Design Science” (No. JP25H01248) from Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS). Electron irradiation was conducted at the SIRIUS accelerator facility at École Polytechnique (Palaiseau, France) and was supported by EMIR&A French network (FR CNRS 3618) (proposal No. 22-8950). S.D.W. and A.C.S. gratefully acknowledge support via the UC Santa Barbara NSF Quantum Foundry funded via the Q-AMASE-i program under award DMR-1906325. Work by B. R. O. is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. This work was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI) (Nos. JP24K17007, JP24H01646, JP23H00089, JP22H00105), and Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research for Transformative Research Areas (A) “Correlation Design Science” (No. JP25H01248) from Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS). Electron irradiation was conducted at the SIRIUS accelerator facility at École Polytechnique (Palaiseau, France) and was supported by EMIR&A French network (FR CNRS 3618) (proposal No. 22-8950). S.D.W. and A.C.S. gratefully acknowledge support via the UC Santa Barbara NSF Quantum Foundry funded via the Q-AMASE-i program under award DMR-1906325. Work by B. R. O. is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division.

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10.1038/s42005-025-02225-8

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Nagashima, T., Ishihara, K., Yamakawa, Y., Chen, F., Imamura, K., Roppongi, M., Grasset, R., Konczykowski, M., Ortiz, B. R., Salinas, A. C., Wilson, S. D., Tazai, R., Kontani, H., Hashimoto, K., & Shibauchi, T. (2025). Impact of charge-density-wave pattern on the superconducting gap in Vanadium-based kagome superconductors. Communications Physics, 8(1), Article 303. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-025-02225-8

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title = "Impact of charge-density-wave pattern on the superconducting gap in Vanadium-based kagome superconductors",

abstract = "Kagome metals AV3Sb5 (A = K, Rb, Cs) provide a compelling platform to explore the interplay between superconductivity (SC) and charge-density-wave (CDW) orders. While distinct CDW orders have been identified in K/RbV3Sb5 versus CsV3Sb5, their influence on the SC order parameter remains unresolved. Here, we investigate low-energy quasiparticle excitations in AV3Sb5, uncovering a striking difference in SC gap anisotropy: K/RbV3Sb5 exhibit fully gapped, nearly isotropic s-wave states, in contrast to the strongly anisotropic SC gap in CsV3Sb5. Impurity scattering introduced via electron irradiation in K/RbV3Sb5 has a minimal impact on low-energy excitations, and it induces an increase in the SC transition temperature Tc, consistent with more isotropic s-wave SC competing with CDW order. Our theoretical analysis attributes the observed SC gap anisotropy differences to distinct CDW modulation patterns: the star-of-David structure unique to CsV3Sb5 preserves van Hove singularities near the Fermi level, promoting anisotropic s-wave SC with enhanced Tc via bond-order fluctuations. These findings establish a systematic framework for understanding the interplay between SC and CDW orders in AV3Sb5, driven by electron correlations.",

author = "Takuya Nagashima and Kota Ishihara and Youichi Yamakawa and Fan Chen and Kumpei Imamura and Masaki Roppongi and Romain Grasset and Marcin Konczykowski and Ortiz, \{Brenden R.\} and Salinas, \{Andrea Capa\} and Wilson, \{Stephen D.\} and Rina Tazai and Hiroshi Kontani and Kenichiro Hashimoto and Takasada Shibauchi",

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doi = "10.1038/s42005-025-02225-8",

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Nagashima, T, Ishihara, K, Yamakawa, Y, Chen, F, Imamura, K, Roppongi, M, Grasset, R, Konczykowski, M, Ortiz, BR, Salinas, AC, Wilson, SD, Tazai, R, Kontani, H, Hashimoto, K & Shibauchi, T 2025, 'Impact of charge-density-wave pattern on the superconducting gap in Vanadium-based kagome superconductors', Communications Physics, vol. 8, no. 1, 303. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-025-02225-8

TY - JOUR

T1 - Impact of charge-density-wave pattern on the superconducting gap in Vanadium-based kagome superconductors

AU - Nagashima, Takuya

AU - Ishihara, Kota

AU - Yamakawa, Youichi

AU - Chen, Fan

AU - Imamura, Kumpei

AU - Roppongi, Masaki

AU - Grasset, Romain

AU - Konczykowski, Marcin

AU - Ortiz, Brenden R.

AU - Salinas, Andrea Capa

AU - Wilson, Stephen D.

AU - Tazai, Rina

AU - Kontani, Hiroshi

AU - Hashimoto, Kenichiro

AU - Shibauchi, Takasada

PY - 2025/12

Y1 - 2025/12

N2 - Kagome metals AV3Sb5 (A = K, Rb, Cs) provide a compelling platform to explore the interplay between superconductivity (SC) and charge-density-wave (CDW) orders. While distinct CDW orders have been identified in K/RbV3Sb5 versus CsV3Sb5, their influence on the SC order parameter remains unresolved. Here, we investigate low-energy quasiparticle excitations in AV3Sb5, uncovering a striking difference in SC gap anisotropy: K/RbV3Sb5 exhibit fully gapped, nearly isotropic s-wave states, in contrast to the strongly anisotropic SC gap in CsV3Sb5. Impurity scattering introduced via electron irradiation in K/RbV3Sb5 has a minimal impact on low-energy excitations, and it induces an increase in the SC transition temperature Tc, consistent with more isotropic s-wave SC competing with CDW order. Our theoretical analysis attributes the observed SC gap anisotropy differences to distinct CDW modulation patterns: the star-of-David structure unique to CsV3Sb5 preserves van Hove singularities near the Fermi level, promoting anisotropic s-wave SC with enhanced Tc via bond-order fluctuations. These findings establish a systematic framework for understanding the interplay between SC and CDW orders in AV3Sb5, driven by electron correlations.

AB - Kagome metals AV3Sb5 (A = K, Rb, Cs) provide a compelling platform to explore the interplay between superconductivity (SC) and charge-density-wave (CDW) orders. While distinct CDW orders have been identified in K/RbV3Sb5 versus CsV3Sb5, their influence on the SC order parameter remains unresolved. Here, we investigate low-energy quasiparticle excitations in AV3Sb5, uncovering a striking difference in SC gap anisotropy: K/RbV3Sb5 exhibit fully gapped, nearly isotropic s-wave states, in contrast to the strongly anisotropic SC gap in CsV3Sb5. Impurity scattering introduced via electron irradiation in K/RbV3Sb5 has a minimal impact on low-energy excitations, and it induces an increase in the SC transition temperature Tc, consistent with more isotropic s-wave SC competing with CDW order. Our theoretical analysis attributes the observed SC gap anisotropy differences to distinct CDW modulation patterns: the star-of-David structure unique to CsV3Sb5 preserves van Hove singularities near the Fermi level, promoting anisotropic s-wave SC with enhanced Tc via bond-order fluctuations. These findings establish a systematic framework for understanding the interplay between SC and CDW orders in AV3Sb5, driven by electron correlations.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105011033294

U2 - 10.1038/s42005-025-02225-8

DO - 10.1038/s42005-025-02225-8

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:105011033294

SN - 2399-3650

VL - 8

JO - Communications Physics

JF - Communications Physics

IS - 1

M1 - 303

ER -

Impact of charge-density-wave pattern on the superconducting gap in Vanadium-based kagome superconductors

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