Abstract
Electrode cross-talk in lithium-ion batteries has been increasingly recognized in recent years as an explanation for several performance trends during cycling. However, little is known about the nature of such cross-talk species/reactions. In an attempt to further that understanding, we constructed a two-compartment lithium-ion cell using a solid-state lithium-ion conductor as the separator to block the movement of species generated at one electrode to the other. After a long-term hold at a high voltage, the electrolytes extracted from each side were analyzed via high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We compared these results with those from a coin cell made with a regular porous separator. Extra species were present in the coin cell, which were absent in both compartments of the two-compartment cell, and we identified them as cross-talk species. We propose chemical structures for such species and show that these species likely have carbon-carbon double bonds and fluorinated carbons. We also confirm that the organophosphate-type species proposed by several groups previously are indeed generated at the anode.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 2884-2891 |
Number of pages | 8 |
Journal | Chemistry of Materials |
Volume | 31 |
Issue number | 8 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Apr 23 2019 |
Externally published | Yes |
Funding
The authors gratefully acknowledge the support from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Vehicle Technologies Office. Argonne National Laboratory is operated for DOE Office of Science by UChicago Argonne, LLC, under contract number DE-AC02-06CH11357. The electrodes in this article were fabricated at Argonne's Cell Analysis, Modeling and Prototyping (CAMP) Facility, which is supported within the core funding of the Applied Battery Research (ABR) for Transportation Program. The authors are also thankful to the JCESR and CAMP facility for letting us use their equipment and supplies for pouch cell fabrication. The authors gratefully acknowledge the support from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Vehicle Technologies Office. Argonne National Laboratory is operated for DOE Office of Science by UChicago Argonne, LLC, under contract number DE-AC02-06CH11357. The electrodes in this article were fabricated at Argonne’s Cell Analysis, Modeling and Prototyping (CAMP) Facility, which is supported within the core funding of the Applied Battery Research (ABR) for Transportation Program. The authors are also thankful to the JCESR and CAMP facility for letting us use their equipment and supplies for pouch cell fabrication.