Hydrothermal corrosion of coatings on silicon carbide in boiling water reactor conditions

Stephen S. Raiman; Peter Doyle; Caen Ang; Yutai Katoh; Kurt A. Terrani

doi:10.5006/2997

Hydrothermal corrosion of coatings on silicon carbide in boiling water reactor conditions

Stephen S. Raiman, Peter Doyle, Caen Ang, Yutai Katoh, Kurt A. Terrani

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

23 Scopus citations

Abstract

SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composites are an attractive material for use as accident tolerant fuel cladding. However, despite its resistance to corrosion in high-temperature steam, SiC is known to dissolve in high-temperature water, necessitating the use of corrosion-resistant coatings. Samples were exposed in 288°C water with 2 ppmw dissolved oxygen to simulate boiling water reactor (BWR) normal water chemistry (NWC) and 288°C water with 150 ppbw dissolved hydrogen to simulate BWR hydrogen water chemistry. Several candidate coatings were tested: Cr, CrN, TiN, and ZrN. All coatings were applied by physical vapor deposition onto chemical vapor deposition SiC (CVD-SiC) substrates. Two uncoated SiC/SiC variants were also exposed and degraded more rapidly compared to CVD-SiC, especially in NWC. Cr and CrN coated specimens were found to have low mass change, suggesting they are promising candidate coatings. TiN coatings were found to oxidize rapidly, suggesting that coatings would fully oxidize during service in BWR environments. ZrN coatings dissolved completely during exposure.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	217-223
Number of pages	7
Journal	Corrosion
Volume	75
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.5006/2997
State	Published - Feb 2019

Funding

The authors acknowledge the valuable assistance of Adam Willoughby, Tracie Lowe, and Kevin Stahl. Bruce Pint and Yoonjo Lee provided helpful comments on the manuscript. This research was funded by U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Nuclear Energy, Advanced Fuel Campaign. This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. The Department of Energy will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan (http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan).

Funders	Funder number
Office of Nuclear Energy	DE-AC05-00OR22725

Keywords

Accident-tolerant fuel
Coatings
Hydrothermal
Nuclear
SiC
Silicon carbide

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title = "Hydrothermal corrosion of coatings on silicon carbide in boiling water reactor conditions",

abstract = "SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composites are an attractive material for use as accident tolerant fuel cladding. However, despite its resistance to corrosion in high-temperature steam, SiC is known to dissolve in high-temperature water, necessitating the use of corrosion-resistant coatings. Samples were exposed in 288°C water with 2 ppmw dissolved oxygen to simulate boiling water reactor (BWR) normal water chemistry (NWC) and 288°C water with 150 ppbw dissolved hydrogen to simulate BWR hydrogen water chemistry. Several candidate coatings were tested: Cr, CrN, TiN, and ZrN. All coatings were applied by physical vapor deposition onto chemical vapor deposition SiC (CVD-SiC) substrates. Two uncoated SiC/SiC variants were also exposed and degraded more rapidly compared to CVD-SiC, especially in NWC. Cr and CrN coated specimens were found to have low mass change, suggesting they are promising candidate coatings. TiN coatings were found to oxidize rapidly, suggesting that coatings would fully oxidize during service in BWR environments. ZrN coatings dissolved completely during exposure.",

keywords = "Accident-tolerant fuel, Coatings, Hydrothermal, Nuclear, SiC, Silicon carbide",

author = "Raiman, {Stephen S.} and Peter Doyle and Caen Ang and Yutai Katoh and Terrani, {Kurt A.}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 NACE International.",

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doi = "10.5006/2997",

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AU - Raiman, Stephen S.

AU - Doyle, Peter

AU - Ang, Caen

AU - Katoh, Yutai

AU - Terrani, Kurt A.

PY - 2019/2

Y1 - 2019/2

N2 - SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composites are an attractive material for use as accident tolerant fuel cladding. However, despite its resistance to corrosion in high-temperature steam, SiC is known to dissolve in high-temperature water, necessitating the use of corrosion-resistant coatings. Samples were exposed in 288°C water with 2 ppmw dissolved oxygen to simulate boiling water reactor (BWR) normal water chemistry (NWC) and 288°C water with 150 ppbw dissolved hydrogen to simulate BWR hydrogen water chemistry. Several candidate coatings were tested: Cr, CrN, TiN, and ZrN. All coatings were applied by physical vapor deposition onto chemical vapor deposition SiC (CVD-SiC) substrates. Two uncoated SiC/SiC variants were also exposed and degraded more rapidly compared to CVD-SiC, especially in NWC. Cr and CrN coated specimens were found to have low mass change, suggesting they are promising candidate coatings. TiN coatings were found to oxidize rapidly, suggesting that coatings would fully oxidize during service in BWR environments. ZrN coatings dissolved completely during exposure.

AB - SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composites are an attractive material for use as accident tolerant fuel cladding. However, despite its resistance to corrosion in high-temperature steam, SiC is known to dissolve in high-temperature water, necessitating the use of corrosion-resistant coatings. Samples were exposed in 288°C water with 2 ppmw dissolved oxygen to simulate boiling water reactor (BWR) normal water chemistry (NWC) and 288°C water with 150 ppbw dissolved hydrogen to simulate BWR hydrogen water chemistry. Several candidate coatings were tested: Cr, CrN, TiN, and ZrN. All coatings were applied by physical vapor deposition onto chemical vapor deposition SiC (CVD-SiC) substrates. Two uncoated SiC/SiC variants were also exposed and degraded more rapidly compared to CVD-SiC, especially in NWC. Cr and CrN coated specimens were found to have low mass change, suggesting they are promising candidate coatings. TiN coatings were found to oxidize rapidly, suggesting that coatings would fully oxidize during service in BWR environments. ZrN coatings dissolved completely during exposure.

KW - Accident-tolerant fuel

KW - Coatings

KW - Hydrothermal

KW - Nuclear

KW - SiC

KW - Silicon carbide

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Hydrothermal corrosion of coatings on silicon carbide in boiling water reactor conditions

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Keywords

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