@inproceedings{626299b47fb34c6fa6edb615e450109d,
title = "Hydrocarbons as natural refrigerants for heat pump water heating applications",
abstract = "Growing awareness of the potential environmental impacts of conventional refrigerants (CFCs and HFCs) has led to efforts to identify suitable refrigerants for various heat pump applications with minimum environmental impact. This study is focused on the performance evaluation of pure propane and isobutane as drop-in-replacement for R134a for heat pump water heating (HPWH). A component-based model is used to predict the performance. Key performance parameters such as unified energy factor, first hour rating and thermal stratification in the water tank are investigated. Appropriate experiments are conducted to validate the finding from model. Simulation and experimental findings suggest that both alternative refrigerants could provide comparable system performance to that of the baseline system containing R134a. System refrigerant charge and the condenser discharge temperature are established to investigate the potential of hydrocarbon refrigerants to substitute R134a without significant system modifications.",
keywords = "Heat Pumps, Hot Water Heating, Hydrocarbons, Natural Refrigerants",
author = "Kashif Nawaz and Ahmed Elatar and Bo Shen and Van Baxter and Omar Abdelaziz",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 International Institute of Refrigeration. All rights reserved.; 25th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration, ICR 2019 ; Conference date: 24-08-2019 Through 30-08-2019",
year = "2019",
doi = "10.18462/iir.icr.2019.1348",
language = "English",
series = "Refrigeration Science and Technology",
publisher = "International Institute of Refrigeration",
pages = "4754--4762",
editor = "Vasile Minea",
booktitle = "ICR 2019 - 25th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration",
}