Abstract
Biomass burning influences atmospheric composition and regional air quality. The hourly biomass-burning emissions are usually required by air quality models, yet most available emission inventories provide daily or monthly estimates in 0.1° or coarser grids, limiting the prediction accuracy. The Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) on the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites – R Series (GOES-R) observes fires across the conterminous United States (CONUS) every 5 min at a spatial resolution of 2 km, which allows for characterizing fires and emissions on diurnal scale. In this study, we developed a new operational algorithm to generate regional hourly 3 km fire emission across the CONUS by fusing temporally resolved ABI fire radiative power (FRP) and fine spatial-resolution (375 m) FRP from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) on the Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) satellites. To do this, ABI FRP was first calibrated against and fused with VIIRS FRP in 3 km grids. Then, FRP diurnal cycles at an interval of 5 min were reconstructed using the fused ABI-VIIRS FRP and the land cover-ecoregion-specific FRP diurnal climatologies. The reconstructed FRP diurnal cycles were applied to estimate hourly emissions of eight species (e.g., carbon monoxide (CO) and fine particulate matter with diameters <2.5 μm (PM2.5)). The accuracy was verified by comparing with CO observations from the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) on the Sentinel-5 Precursor satellite, and with PM2.5 emissions from eight other inventories. The results of the ABI-VIIRS estimates during one year from April 2020 to March 2021 indicate that fires burned 221 Tg dry matter and emit 2.25 Tg PM2.5 emissions across the CONUS. The seasonal and diurnal patterns of emissions vary with land cover types. The largest and smallest seasonal variations are shown in forest and agriculture fire emissions, respectively. The diurnal emission patterns of different land cover types share similar shapes but differ largely in magnitude. Moreover, the diurnal pattern of forest fire emissions suggests that emissions are dominated during daytime in the eastern U.S. but strong during both daytime and nighttime in the western U.S. The evaluation shows that the fused ABI-VIIRS based CO agrees well with the TROPOMI CO, with a difference of 11%. However, the agreement between fused ABI-VIIRS emissions and other inventories varies for different fire events.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 113237 |
Journal | Remote Sensing of Environment |
Volume | 281 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Nov 2022 |
Externally published | Yes |
Funding
This research was funded by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) contract NA20OAR4600290. We thank NOAA, the European Space Agency (ESA), and the United States Geological Survey (USGS) for providing ABI and VIIRS active fire data, TROPOMI CO data, and Landsat burned area data. We thank NOAA/NESDIS/STAR Fire Science Team members Wei Guo and Marina Tsidulko (I.M. Systems, Inc.) for providing persistent anomaly masks and selecting VIIRS I-band active fire data used in this study. We thank Zigang Wei (I.M. Systems, Inc.) for helping process TROPOMI CO data. We also thank all fire emission teams for making emissions inventories available to the public. We thank three reviewers' constructive comments that improved the original submission. The scientific results and conclusions, as well as any views or opinions expressed herein, are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect those of NOAA or the Department of Commerce. This research was funded by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) contract NA20OAR4600290 . We thank NOAA, the European Space Agency (ESA), and the United States Geological Survey (USGS) for providing ABI and VIIRS active fire data, TROPOMI CO data, and Landsat burned area data. We thank NOAA/NESDIS/STAR Fire Science Team members Wei Guo and Marina Tsidulko (I.M. Systems, Inc.) for providing persistent anomaly masks and selecting VIIRS I-band active fire data used in this study. We thank Zigang Wei (I.M. Systems, Inc.) for helping process TROPOMI CO data. We also thank all fire emission teams for making emissions inventories available to the public. We thank three reviewers' constructive comments that improved the original submission. The scientific results and conclusions, as well as any views or opinions expressed herein, are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect those of NOAA or the Department of Commerce.
Funders | Funder number |
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STAR | |
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NA20OAR4600290 |
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | |
U.S. Geological Survey | |
National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service | |
European Space Agency |
Keywords
- Fire emission
- FRP
- Fusion
- GOES-R ABI
- JPSS VIIRS
- Sentinel-5P TROPOMI