High-rate lithium-sulfur batteries enabled by hierarchical porous carbons synthesized via ice templation

Ritu Sahore; Luis P. Estevez; Anirudh Ramanujapuram; Francis J. Disalvo; Emmanuel P. Giannelis

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.07.068

High-rate lithium-sulfur batteries enabled by hierarchical porous carbons synthesized via ice templation

Ritu Sahore, Luis P. Estevez, Anirudh Ramanujapuram, Francis J. Disalvo, Emmanuel P. Giannelis

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

41 Scopus citations

Abstract

We report the performance of a series of hierarchical porous carbons (HPCs) with extremely high surface areas of up to 2340 m² g^-1 with total pore volume of up to 3.8 cm³ g^-1 as supports for sulfur for Li-S batteries. The hierarchical structure of the carbon originating from interconnected large mesopores (10-50 nm), small mesopores (2-10 nm) and micropores (<2 nm) makes the total available surface area highly accessible, resulting in excellent electrode kinetics. At high C-rates of 2 C and 5 C, large specific capacities of 647 mA h g^-1 and 503 mA h g^-1, respectively, were obtained after 200 cycles. In addition, we also systematically show that the cyclic stability is independent of the size of the pores sulfur is initially confined in, when LiNO₃ is used as the electrolyte additive, indicating that capacity fade due to polysulfide shuttle is effectively eliminated and that it is not related to pore size anymore.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	188-194
Number of pages	7
Journal	Journal of Power Sources
Volume	297
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.07.068
State	Published - Aug 11 2015
Externally published	Yes

Funding

This work is supported by the Energy Materials Center at Cornell (EMC 2 ) – an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences ( DE-SC0001086 ), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST baseline fund ( KUS-C1-018-02 ). EPG acknowledges support from the NSF-PFI program ( IIP-1114275 ). This work made use of the Cornell Center for Materials Research Shared Facilities supported through the NSF MRSEC program ( DMR-1120296 ). We would like to thank Christos Tampaxis and Dr. Theodore Steriotis for their help with the porosity measurements, and, Mian Pan (Cornell University) and Tiffany Williams (Cornell University) for their help with Raman Spectroscopy of the carbons.

Funders	Funder number
Energy Frontier Research Center
Energy Materials Center
NSF-PFI	IIP-1114275
National Science Foundation	1114275
U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Science
Basic Energy Sciences	DE-SC0001086
Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, Harvard University	DMR-1120296
King Abdullah University of Science and Technology	KUS-C1-018-02

Keywords

Cyclic performance
Hierarchical porous carbons
Lithium nitrate
Lithium-sulfur batteries
Porosity dependence

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.07.068

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title = "High-rate lithium-sulfur batteries enabled by hierarchical porous carbons synthesized via ice templation",

abstract = "We report the performance of a series of hierarchical porous carbons (HPCs) with extremely high surface areas of up to 2340 m2 g-1 with total pore volume of up to 3.8 cm3 g-1 as supports for sulfur for Li-S batteries. The hierarchical structure of the carbon originating from interconnected large mesopores (10-50 nm), small mesopores (2-10 nm) and micropores (<2 nm) makes the total available surface area highly accessible, resulting in excellent electrode kinetics. At high C-rates of 2 C and 5 C, large specific capacities of 647 mA h g-1 and 503 mA h g-1, respectively, were obtained after 200 cycles. In addition, we also systematically show that the cyclic stability is independent of the size of the pores sulfur is initially confined in, when LiNO3 is used as the electrolyte additive, indicating that capacity fade due to polysulfide shuttle is effectively eliminated and that it is not related to pore size anymore.",

keywords = "Cyclic performance, Hierarchical porous carbons, Lithium nitrate, Lithium-sulfur batteries, Porosity dependence",

author = "Ritu Sahore and Estevez, {Luis P.} and Anirudh Ramanujapuram and Disalvo, {Francis J.} and Giannelis, {Emmanuel P.}",

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doi = "10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.07.068",

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AU - Sahore, Ritu

AU - Estevez, Luis P.

AU - Ramanujapuram, Anirudh

AU - Disalvo, Francis J.

AU - Giannelis, Emmanuel P.

PY - 2015/8/11

Y1 - 2015/8/11

N2 - We report the performance of a series of hierarchical porous carbons (HPCs) with extremely high surface areas of up to 2340 m2 g-1 with total pore volume of up to 3.8 cm3 g-1 as supports for sulfur for Li-S batteries. The hierarchical structure of the carbon originating from interconnected large mesopores (10-50 nm), small mesopores (2-10 nm) and micropores (<2 nm) makes the total available surface area highly accessible, resulting in excellent electrode kinetics. At high C-rates of 2 C and 5 C, large specific capacities of 647 mA h g-1 and 503 mA h g-1, respectively, were obtained after 200 cycles. In addition, we also systematically show that the cyclic stability is independent of the size of the pores sulfur is initially confined in, when LiNO3 is used as the electrolyte additive, indicating that capacity fade due to polysulfide shuttle is effectively eliminated and that it is not related to pore size anymore.

AB - We report the performance of a series of hierarchical porous carbons (HPCs) with extremely high surface areas of up to 2340 m2 g-1 with total pore volume of up to 3.8 cm3 g-1 as supports for sulfur for Li-S batteries. The hierarchical structure of the carbon originating from interconnected large mesopores (10-50 nm), small mesopores (2-10 nm) and micropores (<2 nm) makes the total available surface area highly accessible, resulting in excellent electrode kinetics. At high C-rates of 2 C and 5 C, large specific capacities of 647 mA h g-1 and 503 mA h g-1, respectively, were obtained after 200 cycles. In addition, we also systematically show that the cyclic stability is independent of the size of the pores sulfur is initially confined in, when LiNO3 is used as the electrolyte additive, indicating that capacity fade due to polysulfide shuttle is effectively eliminated and that it is not related to pore size anymore.

KW - Cyclic performance

KW - Hierarchical porous carbons

KW - Lithium nitrate

KW - Lithium-sulfur batteries

KW - Porosity dependence

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JO - Journal of Power Sources

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ER -

High-rate lithium-sulfur batteries enabled by hierarchical porous carbons synthesized via ice templation

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

UN SDGs

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