High-rate in-plane micro-supercapacitors scribed onto photo paper using: In situ femtolaser-reduced graphene oxide/Au nanoparticle microelectrodes

R. Z. Li, Rui Peng, K. D. Kihm, S. Bai, D. Bridges, U. Tumuluri, Z. Wu, T. Zhang, G. Compagnini, Z. Feng, A. Hu

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

231 Scopus citations

Abstract

Direct laser-reduction of graphene oxide (GO), as a lithography-free approach, has been proven effective in manufacturing in-plane micro-supercapacitors (MSCs) with fast ion diffusion. However, the power density and the charge/discharge rate are still limited by the relatively low conductivity of electrodes. Here, we report a facile approach by exploiting femtolaser in situ reduction of the hydrated GO and chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) nanocomposite simultaneously, which incorporates both the patterning of rGO electrodes and the fabrication of Au current collectors in a single step. These flexible MSCs boast achievements of one-hundred fold increase in electrode conductivities of up to 1.1 × 106 S m-1, which provide superior rate capability (50% for the charging rate increase from 0.1 V s-1 to 100 V s-1), sufficiently high frequency responses (362 Hz, 2.76 ms time constant), and large specific capacitances of 0.77 mF cm-2 (17.2 F cm-3 for volumetric capacitance) at 1 V s-1, and 0.46 mF cm-2 (10.2 F cm-3) at 100 V s-1. The use of photo paper substrates enables the flexibility of this fabrication protocol. Moreover, proof-of-concept 3D MSCs are demonstrated with enhanced areal capacitance (up to 3.84 mF cm-2 at 1 V s-1) while keeping high rate capabilities. This prototype of all solid-state MSCs demonstrates the broad range of potentials of thin-film based energy storage device applications for flexible, portable, and wearable electronic devices that require a fast charge/discharge rate and high power density.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1458-1467
Number of pages10
JournalEnergy and Environmental Science
Volume9
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - Apr 2016

Funding

We appreciate the research initiative funding provided by the University of Tennessee as a new hire package to AH. Part of the work including the Raman and FTIR work was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility. This work in part was also supported by NSFC under grant number 51575016 and 61307066, P. R. China; the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and Graduate Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province under grant number KYLX-0125; the Beijing Overseas High-Level Talent Project and a strategic research grant (KZ20141000500, B-type) of Beijing Natural Science Foundation; Foundation of Key Laboratory of Micro-Inertial Instrument and Advanced Navigation Technology, Ministry of Education, China under grant number 201204, and a strategic research project (KZ40005001) of the Education Commission. Additional support was granted by the Nano-Material Technology Development Program (NRF-2013R1A1A2060720) through the National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea. We also appreciate Dr John R Dunlap for his assistance in TEM (JIAM Analytical Instrument Facilities, University of Tennessee at Knoxville).

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