High performance discharges in the Lithium Tokamak eXperiment with liquid lithium walls

J. C. Schmitt; R. E. Bell; D. P. Boyle; B. Esposti; R. Kaita; T. Kozub; B. P. LeBlanc; M. Lucia; R. Maingi; R. Majeski; E. Merino; S. Punjabi-Vinoth; G. Tchilingurian; A. Capece; B. Koel; J. Roszell; T. M. Biewer; T. K. Gray; S. Kubota; P. Beiersdorfer; K. Widmann; K. Tritz

doi:10.1063/1.4921153

High performance discharges in the Lithium Tokamak eXperiment with liquid lithium walls

J. C. Schmitt, R. E. Bell, D. P. Boyle, B. Esposti, R. Kaita, T. Kozub, B. P. LeBlanc, M. Lucia, R. Maingi, R. Majeski, E. Merino, S. Punjabi-Vinoth, G. Tchilingurian, A. Capece, B. Koel, J. Roszell, T. M. Biewer, T. K. Gray, S. Kubota, P. BeiersdorferK. Widmann, K. Tritz

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Abstract

The first-ever successful operation of a tokamak with a large area (40% of the total plasma surface area) liquid lithium wall has been achieved in the Lithium Tokamak eXperiment (LTX). These results were obtained with a new, electron beam-based lithium evaporation system, which can deposit a lithium coating on the limiting wall of LTX in a five-minute period. Preliminary analyses of diamagnetic and other data for discharges operated with a liquid lithium wall indicate that confinement times increased by 10x compared to discharges with helium-dispersed solid lithium coatings. Ohmic energy confinement times with fresh lithium walls, solid and liquid, exceed several relevant empirical scaling expressions. Spectroscopic analysis of the discharges indicates that oxygen levels in the discharges limited on liquid lithium walls were significantly reduced compared to discharges limited on solid lithium walls. Tokamak operations with a full liquid lithium wall (85% of the total plasma surface area) have recently started.

Original language	English
Article number	056112
Journal	Physics of Plasmas
Volume	22
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4921153
State	Published - May 1 2015

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Schmitt, J. C., Bell, R. E., Boyle, D. P., Esposti, B., Kaita, R., Kozub, T., LeBlanc, B. P., Lucia, M., Maingi, R., Majeski, R., Merino, E., Punjabi-Vinoth, S., Tchilingurian, G., Capece, A., Koel, B., Roszell, J., Biewer, T. M., Gray, T. K., Kubota, S., ... Tritz, K. (2015). High performance discharges in the Lithium Tokamak eXperiment with liquid lithium walls. Physics of Plasmas, 22(5), Article 056112. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4921153

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title = "High performance discharges in the Lithium Tokamak eXperiment with liquid lithium walls",

abstract = "The first-ever successful operation of a tokamak with a large area (40% of the total plasma surface area) liquid lithium wall has been achieved in the Lithium Tokamak eXperiment (LTX). These results were obtained with a new, electron beam-based lithium evaporation system, which can deposit a lithium coating on the limiting wall of LTX in a five-minute period. Preliminary analyses of diamagnetic and other data for discharges operated with a liquid lithium wall indicate that confinement times increased by 10x compared to discharges with helium-dispersed solid lithium coatings. Ohmic energy confinement times with fresh lithium walls, solid and liquid, exceed several relevant empirical scaling expressions. Spectroscopic analysis of the discharges indicates that oxygen levels in the discharges limited on liquid lithium walls were significantly reduced compared to discharges limited on solid lithium walls. Tokamak operations with a full liquid lithium wall (85% of the total plasma surface area) have recently started.",

author = "Schmitt, {J. C.} and Bell, {R. E.} and Boyle, {D. P.} and B. Esposti and R. Kaita and T. Kozub and LeBlanc, {B. P.} and M. Lucia and R. Maingi and R. Majeski and E. Merino and S. Punjabi-Vinoth and G. Tchilingurian and A. Capece and B. Koel and J. Roszell and Biewer, {T. M.} and Gray, {T. K.} and S. Kubota and P. Beiersdorfer and K. Widmann and K. Tritz",

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year = "2015",

month = may,

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doi = "10.1063/1.4921153",

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Schmitt, JC, Bell, RE, Boyle, DP, Esposti, B, Kaita, R, Kozub, T, LeBlanc, BP, Lucia, M, Maingi, R, Majeski, R, Merino, E, Punjabi-Vinoth, S, Tchilingurian, G, Capece, A, Koel, B, Roszell, J, Biewer, TM , Gray, TK, Kubota, S, Beiersdorfer, P, Widmann, K & Tritz, K 2015, 'High performance discharges in the Lithium Tokamak eXperiment with liquid lithium walls', Physics of Plasmas, vol. 22, no. 5, 056112. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4921153

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AU - Schmitt, J. C.

AU - Bell, R. E.

AU - Boyle, D. P.

AU - Esposti, B.

AU - Kaita, R.

AU - Kozub, T.

AU - LeBlanc, B. P.

AU - Lucia, M.

AU - Maingi, R.

AU - Majeski, R.

AU - Merino, E.

AU - Punjabi-Vinoth, S.

AU - Tchilingurian, G.

AU - Capece, A.

AU - Koel, B.

AU - Roszell, J.

AU - Biewer, T. M.

AU - Gray, T. K.

AU - Kubota, S.

AU - Beiersdorfer, P.

AU - Widmann, K.

AU - Tritz, K.

PY - 2015/5/1

Y1 - 2015/5/1

N2 - The first-ever successful operation of a tokamak with a large area (40% of the total plasma surface area) liquid lithium wall has been achieved in the Lithium Tokamak eXperiment (LTX). These results were obtained with a new, electron beam-based lithium evaporation system, which can deposit a lithium coating on the limiting wall of LTX in a five-minute period. Preliminary analyses of diamagnetic and other data for discharges operated with a liquid lithium wall indicate that confinement times increased by 10x compared to discharges with helium-dispersed solid lithium coatings. Ohmic energy confinement times with fresh lithium walls, solid and liquid, exceed several relevant empirical scaling expressions. Spectroscopic analysis of the discharges indicates that oxygen levels in the discharges limited on liquid lithium walls were significantly reduced compared to discharges limited on solid lithium walls. Tokamak operations with a full liquid lithium wall (85% of the total plasma surface area) have recently started.

AB - The first-ever successful operation of a tokamak with a large area (40% of the total plasma surface area) liquid lithium wall has been achieved in the Lithium Tokamak eXperiment (LTX). These results were obtained with a new, electron beam-based lithium evaporation system, which can deposit a lithium coating on the limiting wall of LTX in a five-minute period. Preliminary analyses of diamagnetic and other data for discharges operated with a liquid lithium wall indicate that confinement times increased by 10x compared to discharges with helium-dispersed solid lithium coatings. Ohmic energy confinement times with fresh lithium walls, solid and liquid, exceed several relevant empirical scaling expressions. Spectroscopic analysis of the discharges indicates that oxygen levels in the discharges limited on liquid lithium walls were significantly reduced compared to discharges limited on solid lithium walls. Tokamak operations with a full liquid lithium wall (85% of the total plasma surface area) have recently started.

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IS - 5

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ER -

High performance discharges in the Lithium Tokamak eXperiment with liquid lithium walls

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