High performance carbon fibers from very high molecular weight polyacrylonitrile precursors

E. Ashley Morris; Matthew C. Weisenberger; Mohamed G. Abdallah; Frederic Vautard; Hippolyte Grappe; Soydan Ozcan; Felix L. Paulauskas; Cliff Eberle; Dave Jackson; Sue J. Mecham; Amit K. Naskar

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2016.01.104

High performance carbon fibers from very high molecular weight polyacrylonitrile precursors

E. Ashley Morris, Matthew C. Weisenberger, Mohamed G. Abdallah, Frederic Vautard, Hippolyte Grappe, Soydan Ozcan, Felix L. Paulauskas, Cliff Eberle, Dave Jackson, Sue J. Mecham, Amit K. Naskar

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

101 Scopus citations

Abstract

Carbon fibers are unique reinforcing agents for lightweight composite materials due to their outstanding mechanical properties and low density. Current technologies are capable of producing carbon fibers with 90-95% of the modulus of perfect graphite (∼1025 GPa). However, these same carbon fibers possess less than 10% of the theoretical carbon fiber strength, estimated to be about 100 GPa. Traditionally, attempts to increase carbon fiber rigidity above a certain level results in lower breaking strength. Therefore, to develop advanced carbon fibers with both very high strength and modulus demands a new manufacturing methodology. Here, we report a method of manufacturing moderate strength, very high modulus carbon fibers from a very high molecular weight (VHMW) polyacrylonitrile (PAN) precursor without the use of nanomaterial additives such as nucleating or structure-templating agents, as have been used by others.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	245-252
Number of pages	8
Journal	Carbon
Volume	101
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2016.01.104
State	Published - 2016

Funding

The authors would like to acknowledge financial support from DARPA . UKY authors (EAM and MCW) acknowledge financial support by Oak Ridge National Laboratory U.S. Department of Energy under award number 400095449 and 4000100727 . Electron microscopy work was supported by ORNL 's Shared Research Equipment (SHaRE) User Facility, which is sponsored by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy . Authors sincerely acknowledge help from Dr. Karren More (ORNL) with TEM characterization. SJM acknowledges additional support for equipment by NSF-MRI grant award number 1126534 and NSF-DMR grant award number 1006630 at Virginia Tech for molecular weight analysis and synthesis, respectively. The views, opinions, and/or findings contained in this paper are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official views or policies of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government. This document is approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited. Notice: This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. The Department of Energy will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan ( http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan ).

Funders	Funder number
NSF-DMR	1006630
NSF-MRI
Oak Ridge National Laboratory	4000100727, 400095449
U.S. Department of Energy
Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences	1126534
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
Basic Energy Sciences
Oak Ridge National Laboratory

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.carbon.2016.01.104

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title = "High performance carbon fibers from very high molecular weight polyacrylonitrile precursors",

abstract = "Carbon fibers are unique reinforcing agents for lightweight composite materials due to their outstanding mechanical properties and low density. Current technologies are capable of producing carbon fibers with 90-95% of the modulus of perfect graphite (∼1025 GPa). However, these same carbon fibers possess less than 10% of the theoretical carbon fiber strength, estimated to be about 100 GPa. Traditionally, attempts to increase carbon fiber rigidity above a certain level results in lower breaking strength. Therefore, to develop advanced carbon fibers with both very high strength and modulus demands a new manufacturing methodology. Here, we report a method of manufacturing moderate strength, very high modulus carbon fibers from a very high molecular weight (VHMW) polyacrylonitrile (PAN) precursor without the use of nanomaterial additives such as nucleating or structure-templating agents, as have been used by others.",

author = "Morris, {E. Ashley} and Weisenberger, {Matthew C.} and Abdallah, {Mohamed G.} and Frederic Vautard and Hippolyte Grappe and Soydan Ozcan and Paulauskas, {Felix L.} and Cliff Eberle and Dave Jackson and Mecham, {Sue J.} and Naskar, {Amit K.}",

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AU - Morris, E. Ashley

AU - Weisenberger, Matthew C.

AU - Abdallah, Mohamed G.

AU - Vautard, Frederic

AU - Grappe, Hippolyte

AU - Ozcan, Soydan

AU - Paulauskas, Felix L.

AU - Eberle, Cliff

AU - Jackson, Dave

AU - Mecham, Sue J.

AU - Naskar, Amit K.

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N2 - Carbon fibers are unique reinforcing agents for lightweight composite materials due to their outstanding mechanical properties and low density. Current technologies are capable of producing carbon fibers with 90-95% of the modulus of perfect graphite (∼1025 GPa). However, these same carbon fibers possess less than 10% of the theoretical carbon fiber strength, estimated to be about 100 GPa. Traditionally, attempts to increase carbon fiber rigidity above a certain level results in lower breaking strength. Therefore, to develop advanced carbon fibers with both very high strength and modulus demands a new manufacturing methodology. Here, we report a method of manufacturing moderate strength, very high modulus carbon fibers from a very high molecular weight (VHMW) polyacrylonitrile (PAN) precursor without the use of nanomaterial additives such as nucleating or structure-templating agents, as have been used by others.

AB - Carbon fibers are unique reinforcing agents for lightweight composite materials due to their outstanding mechanical properties and low density. Current technologies are capable of producing carbon fibers with 90-95% of the modulus of perfect graphite (∼1025 GPa). However, these same carbon fibers possess less than 10% of the theoretical carbon fiber strength, estimated to be about 100 GPa. Traditionally, attempts to increase carbon fiber rigidity above a certain level results in lower breaking strength. Therefore, to develop advanced carbon fibers with both very high strength and modulus demands a new manufacturing methodology. Here, we report a method of manufacturing moderate strength, very high modulus carbon fibers from a very high molecular weight (VHMW) polyacrylonitrile (PAN) precursor without the use of nanomaterial additives such as nucleating or structure-templating agents, as have been used by others.

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High performance carbon fibers from very high molecular weight polyacrylonitrile precursors

Abstract

Funding

UN SDGs

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