High efficiency inductive output tubes with intense annular electron beams

J. Appanam Karakkad; D. Matthew; R. Ray; B. L. Beaudoin; A. Narayan; G. S. Nusinovich; A. Ting; T. M. Antonsen

doi:10.1063/1.4986006

High efficiency inductive output tubes with intense annular electron beams

J. Appanam Karakkad, D. Matthew, R. Ray, B. L. Beaudoin, A. Narayan, G. S. Nusinovich, A. Ting, T. M. Antonsen

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

8 Scopus citations

Abstract

For mobile ionospheric heaters, it is necessary to develop highly efficient RF sources capable of delivering radiation in the frequency range from 3 to 10 MHz with an average power at a megawatt level. A promising source, which is capable of offering these parameters, is a grid-less version of the inductive output tube (IOT), also known as a klystrode. In this paper, studies analyzing the efficiency of grid-less IOTs are described. The basic trade-offs needed to reach high efficiency are investigated. In particular, the trade-off between the peak current and the duration of the current micro-pulse is analyzed. A particle in the cell code is used to self-consistently calculate the distribution in axial and transverse momentum and in total electron energy from the cathode to the collector. The efficiency of IOTs with collectors of various configurations is examined. It is shown that the efficiency of IOTs can be in the 90% range even without using depressed collectors.

Original language	English
Article number	103116
Journal	Physics of Plasmas
Volume	24
Issue number	10
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4986006
State	Published - Oct 1 2017
Externally published	Yes

Funding

This work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Grant No. FA95501410019.

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10.1063/1.4986006

Cite this

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abstract = "For mobile ionospheric heaters, it is necessary to develop highly efficient RF sources capable of delivering radiation in the frequency range from 3 to 10 MHz with an average power at a megawatt level. A promising source, which is capable of offering these parameters, is a grid-less version of the inductive output tube (IOT), also known as a klystrode. In this paper, studies analyzing the efficiency of grid-less IOTs are described. The basic trade-offs needed to reach high efficiency are investigated. In particular, the trade-off between the peak current and the duration of the current micro-pulse is analyzed. A particle in the cell code is used to self-consistently calculate the distribution in axial and transverse momentum and in total electron energy from the cathode to the collector. The efficiency of IOTs with collectors of various configurations is examined. It is shown that the efficiency of IOTs can be in the 90% range even without using depressed collectors.",

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AU - Matthew, D.

AU - Ray, R.

AU - Beaudoin, B. L.

AU - Narayan, A.

AU - Nusinovich, G. S.

AU - Ting, A.

AU - Antonsen, T. M.

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High efficiency inductive output tubes with intense annular electron beams

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