High-Capacity Organic Radical Mediated Phosphorus Anode for Sodium-Based Redox Flow Batteries

Ethan C. Self; Frank M. Delnick; Rose E. Ruther; Srikanth Allu; Jagjit Nanda

doi:10.1021/acsenergylett.9b01744

High-Capacity Organic Radical Mediated Phosphorus Anode for Sodium-Based Redox Flow Batteries

Ethan C. Self, Frank M. Delnick, Rose E. Ruther, Srikanth Allu, Jagjit Nanda

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

30 Scopus citations

Abstract

An innovative approach to improve the energy density of redox flow batteries (RFBs) through electrochemically mediated reactions is demonstrated. Soluble anion radical species (biphenyl and pyrene) mediate reversible sodium storage in a red phosphorus (P) anode located in an external packed bed reactor in the absence of binders or conductive additives. Because the anion radical species can be recycled several times through the cell stack during a single charge/discharge cycle, a mediated RFB effectively decouples the battery's energy density from the redox species' solubility in the electrolyte. The present study demonstrates the highest capacity reported to date for a mediated anode (up to 800 mAh/g_P via reversible formation of Na_xP). This approach represents a paradigm shift in the field and can conceivably achieve energy densities exceeding 200 Wh/kg, which is â'10 times greater than that of conventional RFBs (e.g., 25 Wh/kg for an aqueous vanadium system).

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	2593-2600
Number of pages	8
Journal	ACS Energy Letters
Volume	4
Issue number	11
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.9b01744
State	Published - Nov 8 2019

Funding

This research is sponsored by the Energy Storage Program office of the Office of Electricity, Department of Energy (DOE) and the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle.

Funders	Funder number
UT-Battelle
Oak Ridge National Laboratory

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10.1021/acsenergylett.9b01744

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title = "High-Capacity Organic Radical Mediated Phosphorus Anode for Sodium-Based Redox Flow Batteries",

abstract = "An innovative approach to improve the energy density of redox flow batteries (RFBs) through electrochemically mediated reactions is demonstrated. Soluble anion radical species (biphenyl and pyrene) mediate reversible sodium storage in a red phosphorus (P) anode located in an external packed bed reactor in the absence of binders or conductive additives. Because the anion radical species can be recycled several times through the cell stack during a single charge/discharge cycle, a mediated RFB effectively decouples the battery's energy density from the redox species' solubility in the electrolyte. The present study demonstrates the highest capacity reported to date for a mediated anode (up to 800 mAh/gP via reversible formation of NaxP). This approach represents a paradigm shift in the field and can conceivably achieve energy densities exceeding 200 Wh/kg, which is {\^a}'10 times greater than that of conventional RFBs (e.g., 25 Wh/kg for an aqueous vanadium system).",

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AU - Allu, Srikanth

AU - Nanda, Jagjit

PY - 2019/11/8

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AB - An innovative approach to improve the energy density of redox flow batteries (RFBs) through electrochemically mediated reactions is demonstrated. Soluble anion radical species (biphenyl and pyrene) mediate reversible sodium storage in a red phosphorus (P) anode located in an external packed bed reactor in the absence of binders or conductive additives. Because the anion radical species can be recycled several times through the cell stack during a single charge/discharge cycle, a mediated RFB effectively decouples the battery's energy density from the redox species' solubility in the electrolyte. The present study demonstrates the highest capacity reported to date for a mediated anode (up to 800 mAh/gP via reversible formation of NaxP). This approach represents a paradigm shift in the field and can conceivably achieve energy densities exceeding 200 Wh/kg, which is â'10 times greater than that of conventional RFBs (e.g., 25 Wh/kg for an aqueous vanadium system).

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High-Capacity Organic Radical Mediated Phosphorus Anode for Sodium-Based Redox Flow Batteries

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