Helical spin dynamics in commensurate magnets: A study on brochantite, Cu4SO4(OH)6

S. E. Nikitin; Tao Xie; A. Gazizulina; B. Ouladdiaf; J. A.Rodríguez Velamazán; I. F. Díaz-Ortega; H. Nojiri; L. M. Anovitz; A. M. Dos Santos; O. Prokhnenko; A. Podlesnyak

doi:10.1103/PhysRevResearch.5.033111

Helical spin dynamics in commensurate magnets: A study on brochantite, Cu4SO4(OH)6

S. E. Nikitin, Tao Xie, A. Gazizulina, B. Ouladdiaf, J. A.Rodríguez Velamazán, I. F. Díaz-Ortega, H. Nojiri, L. M. Anovitz, A. M. Dos Santos, O. Prokhnenko, A. Podlesnyak

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Abstract

We report the direct observation of a commensurate-ordered antiferromagnetic (AFM) state but incommensurate helical spin dynamics in the natural mineral brochantite Cu4SO4(OH)6 through neutron diffraction and neutron spectroscopy measurements. Inelastic neutron scattering measurements reveal magnonlike excitations with considerable dispersion along the c axis and almost flat branches in other principal directions, indicating the strong one-dimensional character of the magnetic correlations. We experimentally observe the effect of the uniform Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction, which elevates the degeneracy of the spin-wave modes, shifting them in opposite directions in reciprocal space. The system has a commensurate AFM ground state, stabilized by the anisotropic symmetric Heisenberg exchange interactions, and quasi-one-dimensional chiral spin dynamics due to the antisymmetric DM interaction. Employing linear spin-wave theory, we were able to construct an effective Heisenberg Hamiltonian. We quantify both the symmetric exchange parameters and the DM vector components in Cu4SO4(OH)6 and determine the mechanism of the magnetic frustration. Our work provides detailed insights into the complex dynamics of the spin chain in the presence of uniform DM interaction.

Original language	English
Article number	033111
Journal	Physical Review Research
Volume	5
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.5.033111
State	Published - Jul 2023

Funding

The authors thank D. Pajerowski for the helpful discussions and J. Keum for assistance with x-ray Laue measurements. Work at ORNL was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Science and Engineering Division. X-ray Laue alignment and magnetization measurements were conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS) at ORNL, which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility. This research used resources at the Spallation Neutron Source, a DOE Office of Science User Facility operated by ORNL. Work by L.M.A. was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division. S.E.N. acknowledges European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation program for Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant No. 884104 for financial support. O.P. acknowledges the GIMRT Program of the Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University (Proposal No. 20K0507).

Funders	Funder number
European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation program for Marie Sklodowska-Curie	884104
U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Science
Basic Energy Sciences
Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering
Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division
Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University	20K0507

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title = "Helical spin dynamics in commensurate magnets: A study on brochantite, Cu4SO4(OH)6",

abstract = "We report the direct observation of a commensurate-ordered antiferromagnetic (AFM) state but incommensurate helical spin dynamics in the natural mineral brochantite Cu4SO4(OH)6 through neutron diffraction and neutron spectroscopy measurements. Inelastic neutron scattering measurements reveal magnonlike excitations with considerable dispersion along the c axis and almost flat branches in other principal directions, indicating the strong one-dimensional character of the magnetic correlations. We experimentally observe the effect of the uniform Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction, which elevates the degeneracy of the spin-wave modes, shifting them in opposite directions in reciprocal space. The system has a commensurate AFM ground state, stabilized by the anisotropic symmetric Heisenberg exchange interactions, and quasi-one-dimensional chiral spin dynamics due to the antisymmetric DM interaction. Employing linear spin-wave theory, we were able to construct an effective Heisenberg Hamiltonian. We quantify both the symmetric exchange parameters and the DM vector components in Cu4SO4(OH)6 and determine the mechanism of the magnetic frustration. Our work provides detailed insights into the complex dynamics of the spin chain in the presence of uniform DM interaction.",

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AU - Ouladdiaf, B.

AU - Velamazán, J. A.Rodríguez

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AU - Podlesnyak, A.

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Y1 - 2023/7

N2 - We report the direct observation of a commensurate-ordered antiferromagnetic (AFM) state but incommensurate helical spin dynamics in the natural mineral brochantite Cu4SO4(OH)6 through neutron diffraction and neutron spectroscopy measurements. Inelastic neutron scattering measurements reveal magnonlike excitations with considerable dispersion along the c axis and almost flat branches in other principal directions, indicating the strong one-dimensional character of the magnetic correlations. We experimentally observe the effect of the uniform Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction, which elevates the degeneracy of the spin-wave modes, shifting them in opposite directions in reciprocal space. The system has a commensurate AFM ground state, stabilized by the anisotropic symmetric Heisenberg exchange interactions, and quasi-one-dimensional chiral spin dynamics due to the antisymmetric DM interaction. Employing linear spin-wave theory, we were able to construct an effective Heisenberg Hamiltonian. We quantify both the symmetric exchange parameters and the DM vector components in Cu4SO4(OH)6 and determine the mechanism of the magnetic frustration. Our work provides detailed insights into the complex dynamics of the spin chain in the presence of uniform DM interaction.

AB - We report the direct observation of a commensurate-ordered antiferromagnetic (AFM) state but incommensurate helical spin dynamics in the natural mineral brochantite Cu4SO4(OH)6 through neutron diffraction and neutron spectroscopy measurements. Inelastic neutron scattering measurements reveal magnonlike excitations with considerable dispersion along the c axis and almost flat branches in other principal directions, indicating the strong one-dimensional character of the magnetic correlations. We experimentally observe the effect of the uniform Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction, which elevates the degeneracy of the spin-wave modes, shifting them in opposite directions in reciprocal space. The system has a commensurate AFM ground state, stabilized by the anisotropic symmetric Heisenberg exchange interactions, and quasi-one-dimensional chiral spin dynamics due to the antisymmetric DM interaction. Employing linear spin-wave theory, we were able to construct an effective Heisenberg Hamiltonian. We quantify both the symmetric exchange parameters and the DM vector components in Cu4SO4(OH)6 and determine the mechanism of the magnetic frustration. Our work provides detailed insights into the complex dynamics of the spin chain in the presence of uniform DM interaction.

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Helical spin dynamics in commensurate magnets: A study on brochantite, Cu4SO4(OH)6

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