Abstract
Hybrid electric powertrains are a growing market in medium- and heavy-duty applications. There is a lack of available information to understand the challenges in the integration of engine platforms into electrified powertrains, such as cold-start, restart, and load-reduction effects on emissions and emission control devices. Results from the Heavy Heavy-Duty Diesel Truck (HHDDT) cycle using a conventional medium-duty diesel engine were compared with those of a parallel hybrid architecture. Oak Ridge National Laboratory in collaboration with the US Department of Energy and Odyne Systems, LLC developed a powertrain in a hardware-in-the-loop environment, integrating the Odyne Systems, LLC medium-duty parallel hybrid system, which was used for the hybrid portion of this study. Experiments under the HHDDT cycle showed increasing improvements in fuel consumption and engine-out emissions with the integration of stop/start, hybrid, and hybrid with stop/start. However, the effects of load reduction and exhaust temperature on the thermal management strategy have shown an increase in fueling in the second part of the HHDDT cycle. Four configurations of medium-duty electrification were studied and contributed to building a unique data set containing combustion, emissions, and system integration data. Each electrification level was compared with the conventional baseline. The calibration of the conventional engine was not altered for this study. Opportunities to tailor the combustion process were identified with the stop/start strategy.
| Original language | English |
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| Title of host publication | Proceedings of ASME 2021 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference, ICEF 2021 |
| Publisher | American Society of Mechanical Engineers |
| ISBN (Electronic) | 9780791885512 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - 2021 |
| Event | ASME 2021 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference, ICEF 2021 - Virtual, Online Duration: Oct 13 2021 → Oct 15 2021 |
Publication series
| Name | Proceedings of ASME 2021 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference, ICEF 2021 |
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Conference
| Conference | ASME 2021 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference, ICEF 2021 |
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| City | Virtual, Online |
| Period | 10/13/21 → 10/15/21 |
Funding
This research was also supported by the US DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Vehicle Technologies Office and used resources at the National Transportation Research Center, a DOE-EERE User Facility at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The authors would gratefully like to thank the support and guidance US DOE Vehicle Technologies Office Program Managers Mike Weismiller and Gurpreet Singh. The authors would like to thank Odyne Systems, LLC, Allison Transmission, Freightliner, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, and other participants at Oak Ridge National Laboratory who designed and built the MD/HD hybrid platform under a previous project. The authors would like to like to thank Tim Lutz and the team at Cummins who provided support for machining the Cummins ISB cylinder head to allow for all cylinders to be instrumented with pressure transducers. Special thanks to Scott Palko at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, who completed the engine modifications for these experiments. 1 Notice: This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the US Department of Energy (DOE). The US government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the US government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for US government purposes. DOE will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan (http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan).
Keywords
- Electrification
- Heavy-duty
- Hybrid powertrain
- Medium-duty
- Stop/start