Growth of large size ([Formula presented] 38 mm diameter) KCaI3:Eu scintillator crystals

Matthew Loyd; Adam Lindsey; Yuntao Wu; Luis Stand; Micah Folsom; Daniel Rutstrom; Merry Koschan; Charles L. Melcher; Mariya Zhuravleva

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2018.10.105

Growth of large size ([Formula presented] 38 mm diameter) KCaI₃:Eu scintillator crystals

Matthew Loyd, Adam Lindsey, Yuntao Wu, Luis Stand, Micah Folsom, Daniel Rutstrom, Merry Koschan, Charles L. Melcher, Mariya Zhuravleva

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

9 Scopus citations

Abstract

KCaI₃:Eu is a scintillator composition that is promising for national security applications, with a high light yield and good energy resolution ([Formula presented]70,000 ph/MeV and [Formula presented]3% E.R. at 662 keV, respectively). In addition to its high performance, we have been successful at growing KCaI₃:Eu at larger sizes (38 mm diameter) without cracking. In this work we utilized a multi ampoule growth station to grow four 38 mm diameter crystals simultaneously. Three of these crystals achieved an energy resolution of [Formula presented] 4% at 662 keV. The three crystals were hermetically packaged and a collimation study was carried out. This study revealed that light yield at a given irradiation location is dominated by photon path lengths and self-absorption, while the energy resolution dependence is affected heavily by local crystal quality. A 50 mm diameter KCaI₃:Eu crystal was grown that achieved an energy resolution of 4.6% at 662 keV. GEANT4 was used to model a gap-style package that results in reduced photon path lengths, and therefore reduced self-absorption probability.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	8-14
Number of pages	7
Journal	Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
Volume	914
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2018.10.105
State	Published - Jan 11 2019
Externally published	Yes

Funding

This work has been supported by the US Department of Homeland Security, Domestic Nuclear Detection Office , under competitively awarded grant #2012-DN-077-ARI067-05 . This support does not constitute an express or implied endorsement on the part of the Government.

Funders	Funder number
U.S. Department of Homeland Security
Domestic Nuclear Detection Office	2012-DN-077-ARI067-05

Keywords

Crystal growth
Gamma detection
Photon transport
Scintillator

Access to Document

10.1016/j.nima.2018.10.105

Cite this

Loyd, M., Lindsey, A., Wu, Y., Stand, L., Folsom, M., Rutstrom, D., Koschan, M., Melcher, C. L., & Zhuravleva, M. (2019). Growth of large size ([Formula presented] 38 mm diameter) KCaI₃:Eu scintillator crystals. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 914, 8-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2018.10.105

@article{bdb070c182b14b4b9259055bd83f678e,

title = "Growth of large size ([Formula presented] 38 mm diameter) KCaI3:Eu scintillator crystals",

abstract = "KCaI3:Eu is a scintillator composition that is promising for national security applications, with a high light yield and good energy resolution ([Formula presented]70,000 ph/MeV and [Formula presented]3% E.R. at 662 keV, respectively). In addition to its high performance, we have been successful at growing KCaI3:Eu at larger sizes (38 mm diameter) without cracking. In this work we utilized a multi ampoule growth station to grow four 38 mm diameter crystals simultaneously. Three of these crystals achieved an energy resolution of [Formula presented] 4% at 662 keV. The three crystals were hermetically packaged and a collimation study was carried out. This study revealed that light yield at a given irradiation location is dominated by photon path lengths and self-absorption, while the energy resolution dependence is affected heavily by local crystal quality. A 50 mm diameter KCaI3:Eu crystal was grown that achieved an energy resolution of 4.6% at 662 keV. GEANT4 was used to model a gap-style package that results in reduced photon path lengths, and therefore reduced self-absorption probability.",

keywords = "Crystal growth, Gamma detection, Photon transport, Scintillator",

author = "Matthew Loyd and Adam Lindsey and Yuntao Wu and Luis Stand and Micah Folsom and Daniel Rutstrom and Merry Koschan and Melcher, {Charles L.} and Mariya Zhuravleva",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018",

year = "2019",

month = jan,

day = "11",

doi = "10.1016/j.nima.2018.10.105",

language = "English",

volume = "914",

pages = "8--14",

journal = "Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment",

issn = "0168-9002",

publisher = "Elsevier",

}

Loyd, M, Lindsey, A, Wu, Y, Stand, L, Folsom, M, Rutstrom, D, Koschan, M, Melcher, CL & Zhuravleva, M 2019, 'Growth of large size ([Formula presented] 38 mm diameter) KCaI₃:Eu scintillator crystals', Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, vol. 914, pp. 8-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2018.10.105

Growth of large size ([Formula presented] 38 mm diameter) KCaI₃:Eu scintillator crystals. / Loyd, Matthew; Lindsey, Adam; Wu, Yuntao et al.
In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 914, 11.01.2019, p. 8-14.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Growth of large size ([Formula presented] 38 mm diameter) KCaI3:Eu scintillator crystals

AU - Loyd, Matthew

AU - Lindsey, Adam

AU - Wu, Yuntao

AU - Stand, Luis

AU - Folsom, Micah

AU - Rutstrom, Daniel

AU - Koschan, Merry

AU - Melcher, Charles L.

AU - Zhuravleva, Mariya

PY - 2019/1/11

Y1 - 2019/1/11

N2 - KCaI3:Eu is a scintillator composition that is promising for national security applications, with a high light yield and good energy resolution ([Formula presented]70,000 ph/MeV and [Formula presented]3% E.R. at 662 keV, respectively). In addition to its high performance, we have been successful at growing KCaI3:Eu at larger sizes (38 mm diameter) without cracking. In this work we utilized a multi ampoule growth station to grow four 38 mm diameter crystals simultaneously. Three of these crystals achieved an energy resolution of [Formula presented] 4% at 662 keV. The three crystals were hermetically packaged and a collimation study was carried out. This study revealed that light yield at a given irradiation location is dominated by photon path lengths and self-absorption, while the energy resolution dependence is affected heavily by local crystal quality. A 50 mm diameter KCaI3:Eu crystal was grown that achieved an energy resolution of 4.6% at 662 keV. GEANT4 was used to model a gap-style package that results in reduced photon path lengths, and therefore reduced self-absorption probability.

AB - KCaI3:Eu is a scintillator composition that is promising for national security applications, with a high light yield and good energy resolution ([Formula presented]70,000 ph/MeV and [Formula presented]3% E.R. at 662 keV, respectively). In addition to its high performance, we have been successful at growing KCaI3:Eu at larger sizes (38 mm diameter) without cracking. In this work we utilized a multi ampoule growth station to grow four 38 mm diameter crystals simultaneously. Three of these crystals achieved an energy resolution of [Formula presented] 4% at 662 keV. The three crystals were hermetically packaged and a collimation study was carried out. This study revealed that light yield at a given irradiation location is dominated by photon path lengths and self-absorption, while the energy resolution dependence is affected heavily by local crystal quality. A 50 mm diameter KCaI3:Eu crystal was grown that achieved an energy resolution of 4.6% at 662 keV. GEANT4 was used to model a gap-style package that results in reduced photon path lengths, and therefore reduced self-absorption probability.

KW - Crystal growth

KW - Gamma detection

KW - Photon transport

KW - Scintillator

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85055749193&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.nima.2018.10.105

DO - 10.1016/j.nima.2018.10.105

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85055749193

SN - 0168-9002

VL - 914

SP - 8

EP - 14

JO - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

JF - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

ER -