Fluorometer Control and Readout Using an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense Board

Zechariah B. Kitzhaber; Caitlyn M. English; Kazi Ragib I. Sanim; Michail Kalaitzakis; Bhanuprakash Kosaraju; Michael E. Hodgson; Nikolaos Vitzilaios; Tammi L. Richardson; Michael L. Myrick

doi:10.1177/00037028221128800

Fluorometer Control and Readout Using an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense Board

Zechariah B. Kitzhaber
, Caitlyn M. English
, Kazi Ragib I. Sanim
, Michail Kalaitzakis
, Bhanuprakash Kosaraju
, Michael E. Hodgson
, Nikolaos Vitzilaios
, Tammi L. Richardson
, Michael L. Myrick

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

5 Scopus citations

Abstract

We describe the control and interfacing of a fluorometer designed for aerial drone-based measurements of chlorophyll-a using an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense board. This 64 MHz controller board provided suitable resolution and speed for analog-to-digital (ADC) conversion, processed data, handled communications via the Robot Operating System (ROS) and included a variety of built-in sensors that were used to monitor the fluorometer for vibration, acoustic noise, water leaks and overheating. The fluorometer was integrated into a small Uncrewed Aircraft System (sUAS) for automated water sampling through a Raspberry Pi master computer using the ROS. The average power consumption was 1.1 W. A signal standard deviation of 334 µV was achieved for the fluorescence blank measurement, mainly determined by the input noise equivalent power of the transimpedance amplifier. An ADC precision of 130 µV for 10 Hz chopped measurements was achieved for signals in the input range 0-600 mV.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	220-224
Number of pages	5
Journal	Applied Spectroscopy
Volume	77
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1177/00037028221128800
State	Published - Feb 2023
Externally published	Yes

Funding

The authors would like to thank the University of South Carolina ASPIRE II Grant program for supporting this work. We would also like to thank Mr. Allen Frye and the UofSC Mechanical Prototype Facility for helping to construct and modify the sensor and housing. We gratefully acknowledge Mr. Jason Williamson of Thorlabs (Columbia, SC) for donations of mechanical components and a detector.

Keywords

Arduino
Automation
aerial drone
automatic
fluorometer
lightweight
low-cost
low-power
microcontroller
sUAS
sampling
small uncrewed aircraft system
water

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10.1177/00037028221128800

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title = "Fluorometer Control and Readout Using an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense Board",

abstract = "We describe the control and interfacing of a fluorometer designed for aerial drone-based measurements of chlorophyll-a using an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense board. This 64 MHz controller board provided suitable resolution and speed for analog-to-digital (ADC) conversion, processed data, handled communications via the Robot Operating System (ROS) and included a variety of built-in sensors that were used to monitor the fluorometer for vibration, acoustic noise, water leaks and overheating. The fluorometer was integrated into a small Uncrewed Aircraft System (sUAS) for automated water sampling through a Raspberry Pi master computer using the ROS. The average power consumption was 1.1 W. A signal standard deviation of 334 µV was achieved for the fluorescence blank measurement, mainly determined by the input noise equivalent power of the transimpedance amplifier. An ADC precision of 130 µV for 10 Hz chopped measurements was achieved for signals in the input range 0-600 mV.",

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AU - Kalaitzakis, Michail

AU - Kosaraju, Bhanuprakash

AU - Hodgson, Michael E.

AU - Vitzilaios, Nikolaos

AU - Richardson, Tammi L.

AU - Myrick, Michael L.

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AB - We describe the control and interfacing of a fluorometer designed for aerial drone-based measurements of chlorophyll-a using an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense board. This 64 MHz controller board provided suitable resolution and speed for analog-to-digital (ADC) conversion, processed data, handled communications via the Robot Operating System (ROS) and included a variety of built-in sensors that were used to monitor the fluorometer for vibration, acoustic noise, water leaks and overheating. The fluorometer was integrated into a small Uncrewed Aircraft System (sUAS) for automated water sampling through a Raspberry Pi master computer using the ROS. The average power consumption was 1.1 W. A signal standard deviation of 334 µV was achieved for the fluorescence blank measurement, mainly determined by the input noise equivalent power of the transimpedance amplifier. An ADC precision of 130 µV for 10 Hz chopped measurements was achieved for signals in the input range 0-600 mV.

KW - Arduino

KW - Automation

KW - aerial drone

KW - automatic

KW - fluorometer

KW - lightweight

KW - low-cost

KW - low-power

KW - microcontroller

KW - sUAS

KW - sampling

KW - small uncrewed aircraft system

KW - water

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ER -

Fluorometer Control and Readout Using an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense Board

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