Fluidic Flow Assisted Deterministic Folding of Van der Waals Materials

Huan Zhao, Beibei Wang, Fanxin Liu, Xiaodong Yan, Haozhe Wang, Wei Sun Leong, Mark J. Stevens, Priya Vashishta, Aiichiro Nakano, Jing Kong, Rajiv Kalia, Han Wang

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

6 Scopus citations

Abstract

Origami offers a distinct approach for designing and engineering new material structures and properties. The folding and stacking of atomically thin van der Waals (vdW) materials, for example, can lead to intriguing new physical properties including bandgap tuning, Van Hove singularity, and superconductivity. On the other hand, achieving well-controlled folding of vdW materials with high spatial precision has been extremely challenging and difficult to scale toward large areas. Here, a deterministic technique is reported to fold vdW materials at a defined position and direction using microfluidic forces. Electron beam lithography (EBL) is utilized to define the folding area, which allows precise control of the folding geometry, direction, and position beyond 100 nm resolution. Using this technique, single-atomic-layer vdW materials or their heterostructures can be folded without the need for any external supporting layers in the final folded structure. In addition, arrays of patterns can be folded across a large area using this technique and electronic devices that can reconfigure device functionalities through folding are also demonstrated. Such scalable formation of folded vdW material structures with high precision can lead to the creation of new atomic-scale materials and superlattices as well as opening the door to realizing foldable and reconfigurable electronics.

Original languageEnglish
Article number1908691
JournalAdvanced Functional Materials
Volume30
Issue number13
DOIs
StatePublished - Mar 1 2020
Externally publishedYes

Funding

This work is partially supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research FATE MURI program (Grant no. FA9550-15-1-0514). J.K. acknowledges the support from the Center for Energy Efficient Electronics Science through NSF (Grant no. 0939514). The simulation work was supported by the Computational Materials Sciences Program funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences (Grant no. DE-SC0014607). Simulations were performed at the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility under the DOE INCITE program and at the Center for High Performance Computing of the University of Southern California. This work was also performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-mission laboratory managed and operated by National Technology & Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Honeywell International, Inc., for the U.S. DOE's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-NA-0003525. This work is partially supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research FATE MURI program (Grant no. FA9550‐15‐1‐0514). J.K. acknowledges the support from the Center for Energy Efficient Electronics Science through NSF (Grant no. 0939514). The simulation work was supported by the Computational Materials Sciences Program funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences (Grant no. DE‐SC0014607). Simulations were performed at the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility under the DOE INCITE program and at the Center for High Performance Computing of the University of Southern California. This work was also performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi‐mission laboratory managed and operated by National Technology & Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Honeywell International, Inc., for the U.S. DOE's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE‐NA‐0003525.

Keywords

  • 2D materials
  • origami
  • reconfigurable devices
  • twisted bilayers

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