Abstract
Diverse pathogen-derived molecules, such as bacterial flagellin and its conserved peptide flg22, are recognized in plants via plasma membrane receptors and induce both local and systemic immune responses. The fate of such ligands was unknown: whether and by what mechanism(s) they enter plant cells and whether they are transported to distal tissues. We used biologically active fluorophore and radiolabeled peptides to establish that flg22 moves to distal organs with the closest vascular connections. Remarkably, entry into the plant cell via endocytosis together with the FLS2 receptor is needed for delivery to vascular tissue and long-distance transport of flg22. This contrasts with known routes of long distance transport of other non-cell-permeant molecules in plants, which require membranelocalized transporters for entry to vascular tissue. Thus, a plasma membrane receptor acts as a transporter to enable access of its ligand to distal trafficking routes.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 1769-1783 |
Number of pages | 15 |
Journal | Journal of Experimental Botany |
Volume | 68 |
Issue number | 7 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Mar 1 2017 |
Funding
We thank Drs S. Robatzek and D. Chinchilla for the FLS2-GFP construct and FLS2-GFP/Ws seeds and Drs N. Cecchini, C. Tateda, B. Tyler and P. Gornicki for useful discussions. This work was supported by grants from DOE-BER (Project ERKP417) and NSF (IOS-1456904). ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC0500OR22725 with the US Department of Energy.
Keywords
- Arabidopsis
- FLS2
- Flagellin
- Long-distance traffic
- Peptide
- Pseudomonas syringae
- Receptor-mediated endocytosis
- Transport
- flg22