Ferroelectrics as Smart Mechanical Materials

Kumara Cordero-Edwards; Neus Domingo; Amir Abdollahi; Jordi Sort; Gustau Catalan

doi:10.1002/adma.201702210

Ferroelectrics as Smart Mechanical Materials

Kumara Cordero-Edwards
, Neus Domingo
, Amir Abdollahi
, Jordi Sort
, Gustau Catalan

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

58 Scopus citations

Abstract

The mechanical properties of materials are insensitive to space inversion, even when they are crystallographically asymmetric. In practice, this means that turning a piezoelectric crystal upside down or switching the polarization of a ferroelectric should not change its mechanical response. Strain gradients, however, introduce an additional source of asymmetry that has mechanical consequences. Using nanoindentation and contact-resonance force microscopy, this study demonstrates that the mechanical response to indentation of a uniaxial ferroelectric (LiNbO₃) does change when its polarity is switched, and use this mechanical asymmetry both to quantify its flexoelectricity and to mechanically read the sign of its ferroelectric domains.

Original language	English
Article number	1702210
Journal	Advanced Materials
Volume	29
Issue number	37
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201702210
State	Published - Oct 4 2017
Externally published	Yes

Funding

K.C.-E. and G.C. acknowledge ERC Starting Grant 308023. Financial support was obtained under projects from the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO) under projects FIS2013-48668-C2-1-P and FIS2015-73932-JIN, and the MAT2014-57960-C3-1-R cofinanced by the “Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional” (FEDER). ICN2 acknowledges support from the Severo Ochoa Program (MINECO, Grant No. SEV-2013-0295). This work was partially funded by 2014-SGR-1015 and 2014-SGR-1216 projects from the Generalitat de Catalunya.

Keywords

ferroelectric memories
ferroelectricity
flexoelectricity
mechanical properties
mechanical reading polarity

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10.1002/adma.201702210

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AU - Abdollahi, Amir

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AB - The mechanical properties of materials are insensitive to space inversion, even when they are crystallographically asymmetric. In practice, this means that turning a piezoelectric crystal upside down or switching the polarization of a ferroelectric should not change its mechanical response. Strain gradients, however, introduce an additional source of asymmetry that has mechanical consequences. Using nanoindentation and contact-resonance force microscopy, this study demonstrates that the mechanical response to indentation of a uniaxial ferroelectric (LiNbO3) does change when its polarity is switched, and use this mechanical asymmetry both to quantify its flexoelectricity and to mechanically read the sign of its ferroelectric domains.

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KW - ferroelectricity

KW - flexoelectricity

KW - mechanical properties

KW - mechanical reading polarity

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Ferroelectrics as Smart Mechanical Materials

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