Experimental and numerical modeling of pile-rock breakwater gap arrangement for optimal coastal erosion protection in deltaic coasts

Nguyet Minh Nguyen; Duong Do Van; Duy Tu Le; San Dinh Cong; Le Thanh Chuong; Thuan Duong Hai; Thanh Cong Nguyen; David Wright; Ahad Hasan Tanim; Nhat Truong Pham; Phong Nguyen Thanh; Duong Tran Anh

doi:10.1016/j.oceaneng.2023.114625

Experimental and numerical modeling of pile-rock breakwater gap arrangement for optimal coastal erosion protection in deltaic coasts

Nguyet Minh Nguyen, Duong Do Van, Duy Tu Le, San Dinh Cong, Le Thanh Chuong, Thuan Duong Hai, Thanh Cong Nguyen, David Wright, Ahad Hasan Tanim, Nhat Truong Pham, Phong Nguyen Thanh, Duong Tran Anh

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

7 Scopus citations

Abstract

Pile-Rock breakwaters (PRBW) have been constructed as long continuous features in the West Sea of the Mekong Delta. Optimising the gap arrangement and spatial orientation of these continuous breakwaters can result in positive impacts on the velocity field, sediment distribution, and shoreline morphology. In this study, experimental and numerical modelling was performed to investigate the effect of breakwater gaps on bedload sediment transport and nearshore bed morphology. The gap width across various hydrodynamic conditions was found to have a significant impact on bedload sediment transport and nearshore bed morphology. This study found breakwater gaps can result in high current speed and flow due to wave diffraction, which subsequently also accelerates the shoreline and bed erosion process. The gaps also have a positive impact by facilitating sediment supply behind the breakwaters, which enhances the living shoreline. The sediment exchange rate was higher in low water conditions for the emerged breakwater caused by wave circulation stirring up the sediment with higher wave amplitude. During high-water conditions, the results showed a relatively smaller area of sedimentation behind the breakwater. Under high water level conditions, the ability to stir up sediment decreases, resulting in low sediment transport. The findings from this study can be used to optimize the design of pile-rock breakwaters and their performance on the deltaic coast.

Original language	English
Article number	114625
Journal	Ocean Engineering
Volume	280
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2023.114625
State	Published - Jul 15 2023
Externally published	Yes

Funding

This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) Vietnam in a national project (No. ĐTĐL.CN-47/18), “Physical model experiment for investigating coastal protection measures of Mekong Delta.” Many thanks to the Southern Institute of Water Resources Research for providing the laboratory, equipment, and necessary information. The authors greatly appreciate the Editor and sincerely thank the two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments to improve the manuscript. This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) Vietnam in a national project (No. ĐTĐL.CN-47/18 ), “Physical model experiment for investigating coastal protection measures of Mekong Delta.” Many thanks to the Southern Institute of Water Resources Research for providing the laboratory, equipment, and necessary information. The authors greatly appreciate the Editor and sincerely thank the two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments to improve the manuscript.

Keywords

Coastal mekong delta
Gap
Physical and numerical modelling
Sediment transport
Wave basin
XBeach 2D

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10.1016/j.oceaneng.2023.114625

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Nguyen, N. M., Van, D. D., Le, D. T., Cong, S. D., Chuong, L. T., Hai, T. D., Nguyen, T. C., Wright, D., Tanim, A. H., Pham, N. T., Thanh, P. N., & Anh, D. T. (2023). Experimental and numerical modeling of pile-rock breakwater gap arrangement for optimal coastal erosion protection in deltaic coasts. Ocean Engineering, 280, Article 114625. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2023.114625

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abstract = "Pile-Rock breakwaters (PRBW) have been constructed as long continuous features in the West Sea of the Mekong Delta. Optimising the gap arrangement and spatial orientation of these continuous breakwaters can result in positive impacts on the velocity field, sediment distribution, and shoreline morphology. In this study, experimental and numerical modelling was performed to investigate the effect of breakwater gaps on bedload sediment transport and nearshore bed morphology. The gap width across various hydrodynamic conditions was found to have a significant impact on bedload sediment transport and nearshore bed morphology. This study found breakwater gaps can result in high current speed and flow due to wave diffraction, which subsequently also accelerates the shoreline and bed erosion process. The gaps also have a positive impact by facilitating sediment supply behind the breakwaters, which enhances the living shoreline. The sediment exchange rate was higher in low water conditions for the emerged breakwater caused by wave circulation stirring up the sediment with higher wave amplitude. During high-water conditions, the results showed a relatively smaller area of sedimentation behind the breakwater. Under high water level conditions, the ability to stir up sediment decreases, resulting in low sediment transport. The findings from this study can be used to optimize the design of pile-rock breakwaters and their performance on the deltaic coast.",

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author = "Nguyen, {Nguyet Minh} and Van, {Duong Do} and Le, {Duy Tu} and Cong, {San Dinh} and Chuong, {Le Thanh} and Hai, {Thuan Duong} and Nguyen, {Thanh Cong} and David Wright and Tanim, {Ahad Hasan} and Pham, {Nhat Truong} and Thanh, {Phong Nguyen} and Anh, {Duong Tran}",

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AU - Nguyen, Nguyet Minh

AU - Van, Duong Do

AU - Le, Duy Tu

AU - Cong, San Dinh

AU - Chuong, Le Thanh

AU - Hai, Thuan Duong

AU - Nguyen, Thanh Cong

AU - Wright, David

AU - Tanim, Ahad Hasan

AU - Pham, Nhat Truong

AU - Thanh, Phong Nguyen

AU - Anh, Duong Tran

PY - 2023/7/15

Y1 - 2023/7/15

N2 - Pile-Rock breakwaters (PRBW) have been constructed as long continuous features in the West Sea of the Mekong Delta. Optimising the gap arrangement and spatial orientation of these continuous breakwaters can result in positive impacts on the velocity field, sediment distribution, and shoreline morphology. In this study, experimental and numerical modelling was performed to investigate the effect of breakwater gaps on bedload sediment transport and nearshore bed morphology. The gap width across various hydrodynamic conditions was found to have a significant impact on bedload sediment transport and nearshore bed morphology. This study found breakwater gaps can result in high current speed and flow due to wave diffraction, which subsequently also accelerates the shoreline and bed erosion process. The gaps also have a positive impact by facilitating sediment supply behind the breakwaters, which enhances the living shoreline. The sediment exchange rate was higher in low water conditions for the emerged breakwater caused by wave circulation stirring up the sediment with higher wave amplitude. During high-water conditions, the results showed a relatively smaller area of sedimentation behind the breakwater. Under high water level conditions, the ability to stir up sediment decreases, resulting in low sediment transport. The findings from this study can be used to optimize the design of pile-rock breakwaters and their performance on the deltaic coast.

AB - Pile-Rock breakwaters (PRBW) have been constructed as long continuous features in the West Sea of the Mekong Delta. Optimising the gap arrangement and spatial orientation of these continuous breakwaters can result in positive impacts on the velocity field, sediment distribution, and shoreline morphology. In this study, experimental and numerical modelling was performed to investigate the effect of breakwater gaps on bedload sediment transport and nearshore bed morphology. The gap width across various hydrodynamic conditions was found to have a significant impact on bedload sediment transport and nearshore bed morphology. This study found breakwater gaps can result in high current speed and flow due to wave diffraction, which subsequently also accelerates the shoreline and bed erosion process. The gaps also have a positive impact by facilitating sediment supply behind the breakwaters, which enhances the living shoreline. The sediment exchange rate was higher in low water conditions for the emerged breakwater caused by wave circulation stirring up the sediment with higher wave amplitude. During high-water conditions, the results showed a relatively smaller area of sedimentation behind the breakwater. Under high water level conditions, the ability to stir up sediment decreases, resulting in low sediment transport. The findings from this study can be used to optimize the design of pile-rock breakwaters and their performance on the deltaic coast.

KW - Coastal mekong delta

KW - Gap

KW - Physical and numerical modelling

KW - Sediment transport

KW - Wave basin

KW - XBeach 2D

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JO - Ocean Engineering

JF - Ocean Engineering

M1 - 114625

ER -

Experimental and numerical modeling of pile-rock breakwater gap arrangement for optimal coastal erosion protection in deltaic coasts

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