Abstract
Understanding the system responses to electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure expansion, including vehicle charging needs, station utilization, and energy consumption, is critical for effective planning to meet growing charging demand without unnecessary resource investment. This study evaluates the system responses to EV charging infrastructure expansion, focusing on charging needs, station utilization, and energy consumption. Using trip data from the National Household Travel Survey and origin–destination patterns, we simulated trip chains in downtown Atlanta with 10 % EV penetration. We assessed 32 scenarios involving different charging port power levels and siting strategies. We found that higher-power ports were more sensitive to placement, with concentrated expansion boosting station utilization more than uniform expansion. Adding high-power ports did not always increase peak energy consumption; in some cases, a few 400 kW ports reduced overall consumption compared to 150 kW ports by enabling faster charging and higher vehicle turnover.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 104565 |
| Journal | Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments |
| Volume | 82 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Oct 2025 |
Funding
This research was sponsored by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. The authors thank the support from the sponsor and remain solely responsible for the content and opinions expressed. We extend our sincere gratitude to the Georgia Department of Transportation and the Atlanta Regional Commission, especially Habte Kassa and Guy Rousseau, for providing the 2019 Origin-Destination data.
Keywords
- Electric vehicle
- Fast charging
- Multi-family building
- Origin-destination
- Station occupancy
- Trip chain