Establishing the quantum supremacy frontier with a 281 Pflop/s simulation

Benjamin Villalonga; Dmitry Lyakh; Sergio Boixo; Hartmut Neven; Travis S. Humble; Rupak Biswas; Eleanor G. Rieffel; Alan Ho; Salvatore Mandr

doi:10.1088/2058-9565/ab7eeb

Establishing the quantum supremacy frontier with a 281 Pflop/s simulation

Benjamin Villalonga, Dmitry Lyakh, Sergio Boixo, Hartmut Neven, Travis S. Humble, Rupak Biswas, Eleanor G. Rieffel, Alan Ho, Salvatore Mandr

Quantum Science Center

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

86 Scopus citations

Abstract

Noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computers are entering an era in which they can perform computational tasks beyond the capabilities of the most powerful classical computers, thereby achieving 'quantum supremacy', a major milestone in quantum computing. NISQ supremacy requires comparison with a state-of-the-art classical simulator. We report HPC simulations of hard random quantum circuits (RQC), which have been recently used as a benchmark for the first experimental demonstration of quantum supremacy, sustaining an average performance of 281 Pflop/s (true single precision) on Summit, currently the fastest supercomputer in the world. These simulations were carried out using qFlex, a tensor-network-based classical high-performance simulator of RQCs. Our results show an advantage of many orders of magnitude in energy consumption of NISQ devices over classical supercomputers. In addition, we propose a standard benchmark for NISQ computers based on qFlex.

Original language	English
Article number	034003
Journal	Quantum Science and Technology
Volume	5
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/ab7eeb
State	Published - Jul 1 2020

Funding

We are grateful for support from NASA Ames Research Center, NASA Advanced Exploration systems (AES) program, and NASA Transformative Aeronautic Concepts Program (TACP), and also for support from AFRL Information Directorate under grant F4HBKC4162G001. TSH acknowledges support from the Department of Energy Office of Science Early Career Research Program. This research used resources of the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility, which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility supported under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725.We would like to thank Jack Wells, Don Maxwell, and Jim Rogers for their help in making Summit simulations possible and for providing hardware utilization statistics. This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. The Department of Energy will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan.

Funders	Funder number
DOE Office of Science	DE-AC05-00OR22725
Department of Energy Office of Science
United States Government
U.S. Department of Energy
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Ames Research Center
Air Force Research Laboratory	F4HBKC4162G001

Keywords

HPC
quantum circuits
quantum simulation

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10.1088/2058-9565/ab7eeb

Cite this

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abstract = "Noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computers are entering an era in which they can perform computational tasks beyond the capabilities of the most powerful classical computers, thereby achieving 'quantum supremacy', a major milestone in quantum computing. NISQ supremacy requires comparison with a state-of-the-art classical simulator. We report HPC simulations of hard random quantum circuits (RQC), which have been recently used as a benchmark for the first experimental demonstration of quantum supremacy, sustaining an average performance of 281 Pflop/s (true single precision) on Summit, currently the fastest supercomputer in the world. These simulations were carried out using qFlex, a tensor-network-based classical high-performance simulator of RQCs. Our results show an advantage of many orders of magnitude in energy consumption of NISQ devices over classical supercomputers. In addition, we propose a standard benchmark for NISQ computers based on qFlex.",

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AU - Lyakh, Dmitry

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AU - Humble, Travis S.

AU - Biswas, Rupak

AU - Rieffel, Eleanor G.

AU - Ho, Alan

AU - Mandr, Salvatore

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N2 - Noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computers are entering an era in which they can perform computational tasks beyond the capabilities of the most powerful classical computers, thereby achieving 'quantum supremacy', a major milestone in quantum computing. NISQ supremacy requires comparison with a state-of-the-art classical simulator. We report HPC simulations of hard random quantum circuits (RQC), which have been recently used as a benchmark for the first experimental demonstration of quantum supremacy, sustaining an average performance of 281 Pflop/s (true single precision) on Summit, currently the fastest supercomputer in the world. These simulations were carried out using qFlex, a tensor-network-based classical high-performance simulator of RQCs. Our results show an advantage of many orders of magnitude in energy consumption of NISQ devices over classical supercomputers. In addition, we propose a standard benchmark for NISQ computers based on qFlex.

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Establishing the quantum supremacy frontier with a 281 Pflop/s simulation

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