Enhanced Cycling Performance for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries by a Laminated 2D g-C                         3                         N                         4                         /Graphene Cathode Interlayer

Long Qu; Pei Liu; Yikun Yi; Tao Wang; Pu Yang; Xiaolu Tian; Mingtao Li; Bolun Yang; Sheng Dai

doi:10.1002/cssc.201802449

Enhanced Cycling Performance for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries by a Laminated 2D g-C ₃ N ₄ /Graphene Cathode Interlayer

Long Qu, Pei Liu, Yikun Yi, Tao Wang, Pu Yang, Xiaolu Tian, Mingtao Li, Bolun Yang, Sheng Dai

Chemical Sciences Division

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

80 Scopus citations

Abstract

Decay in electrochemical performance resulting from the “shuttle effect” of dissolved lithium polysulfides is one of the biggest obstacles for the realization of practical applications of lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries. To meet this challenge, a 2D g-C ₃ N ₄ /graphene sheet composite (g-C ₃ N ₄ /GS) was fabricated as an interlayer for a sulfur/carbon (S/KB) cathode. It forms a laminated structure of channels to trap polysulfides by physical and chemical interactions. The thin g-C ₃ N ₄ /GS interlayer significantly suppresses diffusion of the dissolved polysulfide species (Li ₂ S _x ; 2<x≤8) from the cathode to the anode, as proven by using an H-type glass cell divided by a g-C ₃ N ₄ /GS-coated separator. The S/KB cathode with the g-C ₃ N ₄ /GS interlayer (S/KB@C ₃ N ₄ /GS) delivers a discharge capacity of 1191.7 mAh g ⁻¹ at 0.1 C after 100 cycles, an increase of more than 90 % compared with an S/KB cathode alone (625.8 mAh g ⁻¹ ). The S/KB@C ₃ N ₄ /GS cathode shows good cycling life, delivering a discharge capacity as high as 612.4 mAh g ⁻¹ for 1 C after 1000 cycles. According to XPS results, the anchoring of the g-C ₃ N ₄ /GS interlayer to Li ₂ S _x can be attributed to a coefficient chemical binding effect of g-C ₃ N ₄ and graphene on long-chain polysulfides. Generally, the improvement in electrochemical performance originates from a coefficient of the enhanced Li ⁺ diffusion coefficient, increased charge transfer, and the weakening of the shuttle effect of the dissolved Li ₂ S _x as a result of the g-C ₃ N ₄ /GS interlayer.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	213-223
Number of pages	11
Journal	ChemSusChem
Volume	12
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201802449
State	Published - Jan 10 2019

Funding

Financial support from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (grant no. 2016M592795), Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province, China (grant no. 2017ZDJC-30, 2018JQ2027), Key Research Project of Shaanxi Province, China (2018ZDCXL-GY-08-06), Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China (grant no. BK20170413), and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China (grant no. xjj2017084) are gratefully acknowledged. We thank the Instrumental Analysis Center of Xi′an Jiaotong University for material characterizations. Financial support from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (grant no. 2016M592795), Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province, China (grant no. 2017ZDJC-30, 2018JQ2027), Key Research Project of Shaanxi Province, China (2018ZDCXL-GY-08-06), Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China (grant no. BK20170413), and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China (grant no. xjj2017084) are gratefully acknowledged. We thank the Instrumental Analysis Center of Xi’an Jiaotong University for material characterizations.

Keywords

batteries
carbon nitride
graphene
lithium
sulfides

Access to Document

10.1002/cssc.201802449

Cite this

Qu, L., Liu, P., Yi, Y., Wang, T., Yang, P., Tian, X., Li, M., Yang, B., & Dai, S. (2019). Enhanced Cycling Performance for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries by a Laminated 2D g-C ₃ N ₄ /Graphene Cathode Interlayer ChemSusChem, 12(1), 213-223. https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201802449

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title = " Enhanced Cycling Performance for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries by a Laminated 2D g-C 3 N 4 /Graphene Cathode Interlayer ",

abstract = " Decay in electrochemical performance resulting from the “shuttle effect” of dissolved lithium polysulfides is one of the biggest obstacles for the realization of practical applications of lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries. To meet this challenge, a 2D g-C 3 N 4 /graphene sheet composite (g-C 3 N 4 /GS) was fabricated as an interlayer for a sulfur/carbon (S/KB) cathode. It forms a laminated structure of channels to trap polysulfides by physical and chemical interactions. The thin g-C 3 N 4 /GS interlayer significantly suppresses diffusion of the dissolved polysulfide species (Li 2 S x ; 23 N 4 /GS-coated separator. The S/KB cathode with the g-C 3 N 4 /GS interlayer (S/KB@C 3 N 4 /GS) delivers a discharge capacity of 1191.7 mAh g −1 at 0.1 C after 100 cycles, an increase of more than 90 % compared with an S/KB cathode alone (625.8 mAh g −1 ). The S/KB@C 3 N 4 /GS cathode shows good cycling life, delivering a discharge capacity as high as 612.4 mAh g −1 for 1 C after 1000 cycles. According to XPS results, the anchoring of the g-C 3 N 4 /GS interlayer to Li 2 S x can be attributed to a coefficient chemical binding effect of g-C 3 N 4 and graphene on long-chain polysulfides. Generally, the improvement in electrochemical performance originates from a coefficient of the enhanced Li + diffusion coefficient, increased charge transfer, and the weakening of the shuttle effect of the dissolved Li 2 S x as a result of the g-C 3 N 4 /GS interlayer.",

keywords = "batteries, carbon nitride, graphene, lithium, sulfides",

author = "Long Qu and Pei Liu and Yikun Yi and Tao Wang and Pu Yang and Xiaolu Tian and Mingtao Li and Bolun Yang and Sheng Dai",

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Qu, L, Liu, P, Yi, Y, Wang, T, Yang, P, Tian, X, Li, M, Yang, B & Dai, S 2019, ' Enhanced Cycling Performance for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries by a Laminated 2D g-C ₃ N ₄ /Graphene Cathode Interlayer ', ChemSusChem, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 213-223. https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201802449

Enhanced Cycling Performance for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries by a Laminated 2D g-C ₃ N ₄ /Graphene Cathode Interlayer . / Qu, Long; Liu, Pei; Yi, Yikun et al.
In: ChemSusChem, Vol. 12, No. 1, 10.01.2019, p. 213-223.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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AU - Tian, Xiaolu

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AU - Yang, Bolun

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Qu L, Liu P, Yi Y, Wang T, Yang P, Tian X et al. Enhanced Cycling Performance for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries by a Laminated 2D g-C ₃ N ₄ /Graphene Cathode Interlayer ChemSusChem. 2019 Jan 10;12(1):213-223. doi: 10.1002/cssc.201802449