Energy dataset of Frontier supercomputer for waste heat recovery

Jian Sun; Zhiming Gao; David Grant; Kashif Nawaz; Pengtao Wang; Cheng Min Yang; Philip Boudreaux; Stephen Kowalski; Shean Huff

doi:10.1038/s41597-024-03913-w

Energy dataset of Frontier supercomputer for waste heat recovery

Jian Sun, Zhiming Gao, David Grant, Kashif Nawaz, Pengtao Wang, Cheng Min Yang, Philip Boudreaux, Stephen Kowalski, Shean Huff

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

The Hewlett Packard Enterprise–Cray EX Frontier is the world’s first and fastest exascale supercomputer, hosted at the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility in Tennessee, United States. Frontier is a significant electricity consumer, drawing 8–30 MW; this massive energy demand produces significant waste heat, requiring extensive cooling measures. Although harnessing this waste heat for campus heating is a sustainability goal at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), the 30 °C–38 °C waste heat temperature poses compatibility issues with standard HVAC systems. Heat pump systems, prevalent in residential settings and some industries, can efficiently upgrade low-quality heat to usable energy for buildings. Thus, heat pump technology powered by renewable electricity offers an efficient, cost-effective solution for substantial waste heat recovery. However, a major challenge is the absence of benchmark data on high-performance computing (HPC) heat generation and waste heat profiles. This paper reports power demand and waste heat measurements from an ORNL HPC data centre, aiming to guide future research on optimizing waste heat recovery in large-scale data centres, especially those of HPC calibre.

Original language	English
Article number	1077
Journal	Scientific Data
Volume	11
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-024-03913-w
State	Published - Dec 2024

Funding

This work was sponsored by the Sustainable ORNL Potential Showcase Project program. The authors thank ORNL colleagues for their help and support. The Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility is a US Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility. The authors also thank Jessica Hingtgen and Wendy Hames for technical editing. Note: This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the US Department of Energy (DOE). The US government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the US government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for US government purposes. DOE will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan ( http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan ).

Funders	Funder number
U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Science
DOE Public Access Plan
Oak Ridge National Laboratory	DE-AC05-00OR22725

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title = "Energy dataset of Frontier supercomputer for waste heat recovery",

abstract = "The Hewlett Packard Enterprise–Cray EX Frontier is the world{\textquoteright}s first and fastest exascale supercomputer, hosted at the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility in Tennessee, United States. Frontier is a significant electricity consumer, drawing 8–30 MW; this massive energy demand produces significant waste heat, requiring extensive cooling measures. Although harnessing this waste heat for campus heating is a sustainability goal at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), the 30 °C–38 °C waste heat temperature poses compatibility issues with standard HVAC systems. Heat pump systems, prevalent in residential settings and some industries, can efficiently upgrade low-quality heat to usable energy for buildings. Thus, heat pump technology powered by renewable electricity offers an efficient, cost-effective solution for substantial waste heat recovery. However, a major challenge is the absence of benchmark data on high-performance computing (HPC) heat generation and waste heat profiles. This paper reports power demand and waste heat measurements from an ORNL HPC data centre, aiming to guide future research on optimizing waste heat recovery in large-scale data centres, especially those of HPC calibre.",

author = "Jian Sun and Zhiming Gao and David Grant and Kashif Nawaz and Pengtao Wang and Yang, {Cheng Min} and Philip Boudreaux and Stephen Kowalski and Shean Huff",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US; foreign copyright protection may apply 2024.",

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doi = "10.1038/s41597-024-03913-w",

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AU - Nawaz, Kashif

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AU - Yang, Cheng Min

AU - Boudreaux, Philip

AU - Kowalski, Stephen

AU - Huff, Shean

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Y1 - 2024/12

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Energy dataset of Frontier supercomputer for waste heat recovery

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