Emergence of micro-galvanic corrosion in plastically deformed austenitic stainless steels

Xin Chen; Maxim Gussev; Magdalena Balonis; Mathieu Bauchy; Gaurav Sant

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2021.109614

Emergence of micro-galvanic corrosion in plastically deformed austenitic stainless steels

Xin Chen, Maxim Gussev, Magdalena Balonis, Mathieu Bauchy, Gaurav Sant

Nuclear Fuel Element Performance

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

41 Scopus citations

Abstract

Localized plastic deformation has been observed to render nuclear reactor components more susceptible to stress corrosion cracking (SCC). However, it is not fully clear how localized strain impacts corrosion (oxidation) behavior. Herein, the surface reactivity and corrosion behavior of 304 L stainless steel specimens, deformed to different strain levels, was analyzed using advanced multimodal and multiscale methods. For the first time, we observed that localized deformation regions, e.g., deformation bands and α’-martensite featured smaller Volta potentials than the parent austenite matrix. This resulted in the establishment of localized corrosion potential gradients and the emergence of accelerated microscale galvanic corrosion. Particularly, regions that featured higher dislocation concentrations were more reactive on account of the reduction in the activation energy of corrosion due to the stored energy. The superposition of surface reactivity and strain distributions reveals that, SCC cracking is expected to initiate in regions of strain localization wherein micro-galvanic corrosion is favored.

Original language	English
Article number	109614
Journal	Materials and Design
Volume	203
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2021.109614
State	Published - May 2021

Funding

The authors acknowledge financial support for this research provided by the U.S. Department of Energy 's Light Water Reactor Sustainability (LWRS) Program through the Oak Ridge National Laboratory operated by UT-Battelle LLC (Contract #: 4000154999 ) and The National Science Foundation (CAREER Award: 1253269 , CMMI: 1401533 ). The contents of this paper reflect the views and opinions of the authors who are responsible for the accuracy of data presented. This research was carried out in the Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC 2 ) and the Electron Microscopy Core Facility at UCLA, and the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). As such, the authors gratefully acknowledge the support that has made these facilities and their operations possible.

Funders	Funder number
National Science Foundation	1253269, 1401533
U.S. Department of Energy
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
UT-Battelle	4000154999

Keywords

Corrosion
EIS
Interface charge transfer
Passive film
SECM

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title = "Emergence of micro-galvanic corrosion in plastically deformed austenitic stainless steels",

abstract = "Localized plastic deformation has been observed to render nuclear reactor components more susceptible to stress corrosion cracking (SCC). However, it is not fully clear how localized strain impacts corrosion (oxidation) behavior. Herein, the surface reactivity and corrosion behavior of 304 L stainless steel specimens, deformed to different strain levels, was analyzed using advanced multimodal and multiscale methods. For the first time, we observed that localized deformation regions, e.g., deformation bands and α{\textquoteright}-martensite featured smaller Volta potentials than the parent austenite matrix. This resulted in the establishment of localized corrosion potential gradients and the emergence of accelerated microscale galvanic corrosion. Particularly, regions that featured higher dislocation concentrations were more reactive on account of the reduction in the activation energy of corrosion due to the stored energy. The superposition of surface reactivity and strain distributions reveals that, SCC cracking is expected to initiate in regions of strain localization wherein micro-galvanic corrosion is favored.",

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AU - Bauchy, Mathieu

AU - Sant, Gaurav

PY - 2021/5

Y1 - 2021/5

N2 - Localized plastic deformation has been observed to render nuclear reactor components more susceptible to stress corrosion cracking (SCC). However, it is not fully clear how localized strain impacts corrosion (oxidation) behavior. Herein, the surface reactivity and corrosion behavior of 304 L stainless steel specimens, deformed to different strain levels, was analyzed using advanced multimodal and multiscale methods. For the first time, we observed that localized deformation regions, e.g., deformation bands and α’-martensite featured smaller Volta potentials than the parent austenite matrix. This resulted in the establishment of localized corrosion potential gradients and the emergence of accelerated microscale galvanic corrosion. Particularly, regions that featured higher dislocation concentrations were more reactive on account of the reduction in the activation energy of corrosion due to the stored energy. The superposition of surface reactivity and strain distributions reveals that, SCC cracking is expected to initiate in regions of strain localization wherein micro-galvanic corrosion is favored.

AB - Localized plastic deformation has been observed to render nuclear reactor components more susceptible to stress corrosion cracking (SCC). However, it is not fully clear how localized strain impacts corrosion (oxidation) behavior. Herein, the surface reactivity and corrosion behavior of 304 L stainless steel specimens, deformed to different strain levels, was analyzed using advanced multimodal and multiscale methods. For the first time, we observed that localized deformation regions, e.g., deformation bands and α’-martensite featured smaller Volta potentials than the parent austenite matrix. This resulted in the establishment of localized corrosion potential gradients and the emergence of accelerated microscale galvanic corrosion. Particularly, regions that featured higher dislocation concentrations were more reactive on account of the reduction in the activation energy of corrosion due to the stored energy. The superposition of surface reactivity and strain distributions reveals that, SCC cracking is expected to initiate in regions of strain localization wherein micro-galvanic corrosion is favored.

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Emergence of micro-galvanic corrosion in plastically deformed austenitic stainless steels

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Keywords

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